Blender is an open source suite for 3D modelling, sculpting,
animation, compositing, rendering, preparation of assets for its own
game engine and exporting to others, etc. .blend
is its own binary
format that saves whole state of suite: current scene, animations,
all software settings, extensions, etc.
Internally, .blend format is a hybrid semi-self-descriptive
format. On top level, it contains a simple header and a sequence of
file blocks, which more or less follow typical TLV
pattern. Pre-last
block would be a structure with code DNA1
, which is a essentially
a machine-readable schema of all other structures used in this file.
This page hosts a formal specification of .blend file format of Blender using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for Java generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Java runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The Java runtime library is published in the Maven Central Repository. Refer to the artifact page for instructions how to add it into your project with the build tool that you use.
Parse a local file and get structure in memory:
BlenderBlend data = BlenderBlend.fromFile("path/to/local/file.blend");
Or parse structure from a byte array:
byte[] someArray = new byte[] { ... };
BlenderBlend data = new BlenderBlend(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(someArray));
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:
data.hdr() // => get hdr
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
import io.kaitai.struct.ByteBufferKaitaiStream;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStruct;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* Blender is an open source suite for 3D modelling, sculpting,
* animation, compositing, rendering, preparation of assets for its own
* game engine and exporting to others, etc. `.blend` is its own binary
* format that saves whole state of suite: current scene, animations,
* all software settings, extensions, etc.
*
* Internally, .blend format is a hybrid semi-self-descriptive
* format. On top level, it contains a simple header and a sequence of
* file blocks, which more or less follow typical [TLV
* pattern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type-length-value). Pre-last
* block would be a structure with code `DNA1`, which is a essentially
* a machine-readable schema of all other structures used in this file.
*/
public class BlenderBlend extends KaitaiStruct {
public static BlenderBlend fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new BlenderBlend(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public enum PtrSize {
BITS_64(45),
BITS_32(95);
private final long id;
PtrSize(long id) { this.id = id; }
public long id() { return id; }
private static final Map<Long, PtrSize> byId = new HashMap<Long, PtrSize>(2);
static {
for (PtrSize e : PtrSize.values())
byId.put(e.id(), e);
}
public static PtrSize byId(long id) { return byId.get(id); }
}
public enum Endian {
BE(86),
LE(118);
private final long id;
Endian(long id) { this.id = id; }
public long id() { return id; }
private static final Map<Long, Endian> byId = new HashMap<Long, Endian>(2);
static {
for (Endian e : Endian.values())
byId.put(e.id(), e);
}
public static Endian byId(long id) { return byId.get(id); }
}
public BlenderBlend(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public BlenderBlend(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public BlenderBlend(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent, BlenderBlend _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root == null ? this : _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.hdr = new Header(this._io, this, _root);
this.blocks = new ArrayList<FileBlock>();
{
int i = 0;
while (!this._io.isEof()) {
this.blocks.add(new FileBlock(this._io, this, _root));
i++;
}
}
}
/**
* DNA struct contains a `type` (type name), which is specified as
* an index in types table, and sequence of fields.
*/
public static class DnaStruct extends KaitaiStruct {
public static DnaStruct fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new DnaStruct(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public DnaStruct(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public DnaStruct(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend.Dna1Body _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public DnaStruct(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend.Dna1Body _parent, BlenderBlend _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.idxType = this._io.readU2le();
this.numFields = this._io.readU2le();
this.fields = new ArrayList<DnaField>();
for (int i = 0; i < numFields(); i++) {
this.fields.add(new DnaField(this._io, this, _root));
}
}
private String type;
public String type() {
if (this.type != null)
return this.type;
this.type = _parent().types().get((int) idxType());
return this.type;
}
private int idxType;
private int numFields;
private ArrayList<DnaField> fields;
private BlenderBlend _root;
private BlenderBlend.Dna1Body _parent;
public int idxType() { return idxType; }
public int numFields() { return numFields; }
public ArrayList<DnaField> fields() { return fields; }
public BlenderBlend _root() { return _root; }
public BlenderBlend.Dna1Body _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class FileBlock extends KaitaiStruct {
public static FileBlock fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new FileBlock(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public FileBlock(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public FileBlock(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public FileBlock(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend _parent, BlenderBlend _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.code = new String(this._io.readBytes(4), Charset.forName("ASCII"));
this.lenBody = this._io.readU4le();
this.memAddr = this._io.readBytes(_root().hdr().psize());
this.sdnaIndex = this._io.readU4le();
this.count = this._io.readU4le();
switch (code()) {
case "DNA1": {
this._raw_body = this._io.readBytes(lenBody());
KaitaiStream _io__raw_body = new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(_raw_body);
this.body = new Dna1Body(_io__raw_body, this, _root);
break;
}
default: {
this.body = this._io.readBytes(lenBody());
break;
}
}
}
private DnaStruct sdnaStruct;
public DnaStruct sdnaStruct() {
if (this.sdnaStruct != null)
return this.sdnaStruct;
if (sdnaIndex() != 0) {
this.sdnaStruct = _root().sdnaStructs().get((int) sdnaIndex());
}
return this.sdnaStruct;
}
private String code;
private long lenBody;
private byte[] memAddr;
private long sdnaIndex;
private long count;
private Object body;
private BlenderBlend _root;
private BlenderBlend _parent;
private byte[] _raw_body;
/**
* Identifier of the file block
*/
public String code() { return code; }
/**
* Total length of the data after the header of file block
*/
public long lenBody() { return lenBody; }
/**
* Memory address the structure was located when written to disk
*/
public byte[] memAddr() { return memAddr; }
/**
* Index of the SDNA structure
*/
public long sdnaIndex() { return sdnaIndex; }
/**
* Number of structure located in this file-block
*/
public long count() { return count; }
public Object body() { return body; }
public BlenderBlend _root() { return _root; }
public BlenderBlend _parent() { return _parent; }
public byte[] _raw_body() { return _raw_body; }
}
/**
* DNA1, also known as "Structure DNA", is a special block in
* .blend file, which contains machine-readable specifications of
* all other structures used in this .blend file.
*
* Effectively, this block contains:
*
* * a sequence of "names" (strings which represent field names)
* * a sequence of "types" (strings which represent type name)
* * a sequence of "type lengths"
* * a sequence of "structs" (which describe contents of every
* structure, referring to types and names by index)
* @see <a href="https://archive.blender.org/wiki/index.php/Dev:Source/Architecture/File_Format/#Structure_DNA">Source</a>
*/
public static class Dna1Body extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Dna1Body fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Dna1Body(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Dna1Body(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Dna1Body(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend.FileBlock _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Dna1Body(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend.FileBlock _parent, BlenderBlend _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.id = this._io.readBytes(4);
if (!(Arrays.equals(id(), new byte[] { 83, 68, 78, 65 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 83, 68, 78, 65 }, id(), _io(), "/types/dna1_body/seq/0");
}
this.nameMagic = this._io.readBytes(4);
if (!(Arrays.equals(nameMagic(), new byte[] { 78, 65, 77, 69 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 78, 65, 77, 69 }, nameMagic(), _io(), "/types/dna1_body/seq/1");
}
this.numNames = this._io.readU4le();
this.names = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < numNames(); i++) {
this.names.add(new String(this._io.readBytesTerm((byte) 0, false, true, true), Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
this.padding1 = this._io.readBytes(KaitaiStream.mod((4 - _io().pos()), 4));
this.typeMagic = this._io.readBytes(4);
if (!(Arrays.equals(typeMagic(), new byte[] { 84, 89, 80, 69 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 84, 89, 80, 69 }, typeMagic(), _io(), "/types/dna1_body/seq/5");
}
this.numTypes = this._io.readU4le();
this.types = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < numTypes(); i++) {
this.types.add(new String(this._io.readBytesTerm((byte) 0, false, true, true), Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
this.padding2 = this._io.readBytes(KaitaiStream.mod((4 - _io().pos()), 4));
this.tlenMagic = this._io.readBytes(4);
if (!(Arrays.equals(tlenMagic(), new byte[] { 84, 76, 69, 78 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 84, 76, 69, 78 }, tlenMagic(), _io(), "/types/dna1_body/seq/9");
}
this.lengths = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < numTypes(); i++) {
this.lengths.add(this._io.readU2le());
}
this.padding3 = this._io.readBytes(KaitaiStream.mod((4 - _io().pos()), 4));
this.strcMagic = this._io.readBytes(4);
if (!(Arrays.equals(strcMagic(), new byte[] { 83, 84, 82, 67 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 83, 84, 82, 67 }, strcMagic(), _io(), "/types/dna1_body/seq/12");
}
this.numStructs = this._io.readU4le();
this.structs = new ArrayList<DnaStruct>();
for (int i = 0; i < numStructs(); i++) {
this.structs.add(new DnaStruct(this._io, this, _root));
}
}
private byte[] id;
private byte[] nameMagic;
private long numNames;
private ArrayList<String> names;
private byte[] padding1;
private byte[] typeMagic;
private long numTypes;
private ArrayList<String> types;
private byte[] padding2;
private byte[] tlenMagic;
private ArrayList<Integer> lengths;
private byte[] padding3;
private byte[] strcMagic;
private long numStructs;
private ArrayList<DnaStruct> structs;
private BlenderBlend _root;
private BlenderBlend.FileBlock _parent;
public byte[] id() { return id; }
public byte[] nameMagic() { return nameMagic; }
public long numNames() { return numNames; }
public ArrayList<String> names() { return names; }
public byte[] padding1() { return padding1; }
public byte[] typeMagic() { return typeMagic; }
public long numTypes() { return numTypes; }
public ArrayList<String> types() { return types; }
public byte[] padding2() { return padding2; }
public byte[] tlenMagic() { return tlenMagic; }
public ArrayList<Integer> lengths() { return lengths; }
public byte[] padding3() { return padding3; }
public byte[] strcMagic() { return strcMagic; }
public long numStructs() { return numStructs; }
public ArrayList<DnaStruct> structs() { return structs; }
public BlenderBlend _root() { return _root; }
public BlenderBlend.FileBlock _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class Header extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Header fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Header(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Header(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Header(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Header(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend _parent, BlenderBlend _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.magic = this._io.readBytes(7);
if (!(Arrays.equals(magic(), new byte[] { 66, 76, 69, 78, 68, 69, 82 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 66, 76, 69, 78, 68, 69, 82 }, magic(), _io(), "/types/header/seq/0");
}
this.ptrSizeId = BlenderBlend.PtrSize.byId(this._io.readU1());
this.endian = BlenderBlend.Endian.byId(this._io.readU1());
this.version = new String(this._io.readBytes(3), Charset.forName("ASCII"));
}
private Byte psize;
/**
* Number of bytes that a pointer occupies
*/
public Byte psize() {
if (this.psize != null)
return this.psize;
byte _tmp = (byte) ((ptrSizeId() == BlenderBlend.PtrSize.BITS_64 ? 8 : 4));
this.psize = _tmp;
return this.psize;
}
private byte[] magic;
private PtrSize ptrSizeId;
private Endian endian;
private String version;
private BlenderBlend _root;
private BlenderBlend _parent;
public byte[] magic() { return magic; }
/**
* Size of a pointer; all pointers in the file are stored in this format
*/
public PtrSize ptrSizeId() { return ptrSizeId; }
/**
* Type of byte ordering used
*/
public Endian endian() { return endian; }
/**
* Blender version used to save this file
*/
public String version() { return version; }
public BlenderBlend _root() { return _root; }
public BlenderBlend _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class DnaField extends KaitaiStruct {
public static DnaField fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new DnaField(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public DnaField(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public DnaField(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend.DnaStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public DnaField(KaitaiStream _io, BlenderBlend.DnaStruct _parent, BlenderBlend _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.idxType = this._io.readU2le();
this.idxName = this._io.readU2le();
}
private String type;
public String type() {
if (this.type != null)
return this.type;
this.type = _parent()._parent().types().get((int) idxType());
return this.type;
}
private String name;
public String name() {
if (this.name != null)
return this.name;
this.name = _parent()._parent().names().get((int) idxName());
return this.name;
}
private int idxType;
private int idxName;
private BlenderBlend _root;
private BlenderBlend.DnaStruct _parent;
public int idxType() { return idxType; }
public int idxName() { return idxName; }
public BlenderBlend _root() { return _root; }
public BlenderBlend.DnaStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
}
private ArrayList<DnaStruct> sdnaStructs;
public ArrayList<DnaStruct> sdnaStructs() {
if (this.sdnaStructs != null)
return this.sdnaStructs;
this.sdnaStructs = ((BlenderBlend.Dna1Body) (blocks().get((int) (blocks().size() - 2)).body())).structs();
return this.sdnaStructs;
}
private Header hdr;
private ArrayList<FileBlock> blocks;
private BlenderBlend _root;
private KaitaiStruct _parent;
public Header hdr() { return hdr; }
public ArrayList<FileBlock> blocks() { return blocks; }
public BlenderBlend _root() { return _root; }
public KaitaiStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
}