The Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) is a generic file container format for storing data in tagged chunks. It is primarily used to store multimedia such as sound and video, though it may also be used to store any arbitrary data.
The Microsoft implementation is mostly known through container formats like AVI, ANI and WAV, which use RIFF as their basis.
This page hosts a formal specification of Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for Java generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Java runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The Java runtime library is published in the Maven Central Repository. Refer to the artifact page for instructions how to add it into your project with the build tool that you use.
Parse a local file and get structure in memory:
Riff data = Riff.fromFile("path/to/local/file.bin");
Or parse structure from a byte array:
byte[] someArray = new byte[] { ... };
Riff data = new Riff(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(someArray));
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:
data.chunk() // => get chunk
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
import io.kaitai.struct.ByteBufferKaitaiStream;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStruct;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
* The Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) is a generic file container format
* for storing data in tagged chunks. It is primarily used to store multimedia
* such as sound and video, though it may also be used to store any arbitrary data.
*
* The Microsoft implementation is mostly known through container formats
* like AVI, ANI and WAV, which use RIFF as their basis.
* @see <a href="https://www.johnloomis.org/cpe102/asgn/asgn1/riff.html">Source</a>
*/
public class Riff extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Riff fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Riff(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public enum Fourcc {
RIFF(1179011410),
INFO(1330007625),
LIST(1414744396);
private final long id;
Fourcc(long id) { this.id = id; }
public long id() { return id; }
private static final Map<Long, Fourcc> byId = new HashMap<Long, Fourcc>(3);
static {
for (Fourcc e : Fourcc.values())
byId.put(e.id(), e);
}
public static Fourcc byId(long id) { return byId.get(id); }
}
public Riff(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Riff(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Riff(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root == null ? this : _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.chunk = new Chunk(this._io, this, _root);
}
public static class ListChunkData extends KaitaiStruct {
public static ListChunkData fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new ListChunkData(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public ListChunkData(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public ListChunkData(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.ChunkType _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public ListChunkData(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.ChunkType _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
if (parentChunkDataOfs() < 0) {
this.saveParentChunkDataOfs = this._io.readBytes(0);
}
this.parentChunkData = new ParentChunkData(this._io, this, _root);
}
private Integer parentChunkDataOfs;
public Integer parentChunkDataOfs() {
if (this.parentChunkDataOfs != null)
return this.parentChunkDataOfs;
int _tmp = (int) (_io().pos());
this.parentChunkDataOfs = _tmp;
return this.parentChunkDataOfs;
}
private Fourcc formType;
public Fourcc formType() {
if (this.formType != null)
return this.formType;
this.formType = Riff.Fourcc.byId(parentChunkData().formType());
return this.formType;
}
private String formTypeReadable;
public String formTypeReadable() {
if (this.formTypeReadable != null)
return this.formTypeReadable;
long _pos = this._io.pos();
this._io.seek(parentChunkDataOfs());
this.formTypeReadable = new String(this._io.readBytes(4), Charset.forName("ASCII"));
this._io.seek(_pos);
return this.formTypeReadable;
}
private ArrayList<KaitaiStruct> subchunks;
public ArrayList<KaitaiStruct> subchunks() {
if (this.subchunks != null)
return this.subchunks;
KaitaiStream io = parentChunkData().subchunksSlot()._io();
long _pos = io.pos();
io.seek(0);
this.subchunks = new ArrayList<KaitaiStruct>();
{
int i = 0;
while (!io.isEof()) {
{
Fourcc on = formType();
if (on != null) {
switch (formType()) {
case INFO: {
this.subchunks.add(new InfoSubchunk(io, this, _root));
break;
}
default: {
this.subchunks.add(new ChunkType(io, this, _root));
break;
}
}
} else {
this.subchunks.add(new ChunkType(io, this, _root));
}
}
i++;
}
}
io.seek(_pos);
return this.subchunks;
}
private byte[] saveParentChunkDataOfs;
private ParentChunkData parentChunkData;
private Riff _root;
private Riff.ChunkType _parent;
public byte[] saveParentChunkDataOfs() { return saveParentChunkDataOfs; }
public ParentChunkData parentChunkData() { return parentChunkData; }
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public Riff.ChunkType _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class Chunk extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Chunk fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Chunk(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Chunk(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Chunk(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Chunk(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.id = this._io.readU4le();
this.len = this._io.readU4le();
this._raw_dataSlot = this._io.readBytes(len());
KaitaiStream _io__raw_dataSlot = new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(_raw_dataSlot);
this.dataSlot = new Slot(_io__raw_dataSlot, this, _root);
this.padByte = this._io.readBytes(KaitaiStream.mod(len(), 2));
}
public static class Slot extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Slot fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Slot(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Slot(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Slot(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.Chunk _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Slot(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.Chunk _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
}
private Riff _root;
private Riff.Chunk _parent;
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public Riff.Chunk _parent() { return _parent; }
}
private long id;
private long len;
private Slot dataSlot;
private byte[] padByte;
private Riff _root;
private KaitaiStruct _parent;
private byte[] _raw_dataSlot;
public long id() { return id; }
public long len() { return len; }
public Slot dataSlot() { return dataSlot; }
public byte[] padByte() { return padByte; }
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public KaitaiStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
public byte[] _raw_dataSlot() { return _raw_dataSlot; }
}
public static class ParentChunkData extends KaitaiStruct {
public static ParentChunkData fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new ParentChunkData(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public ParentChunkData(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public ParentChunkData(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public ParentChunkData(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.formType = this._io.readU4le();
this._raw_subchunksSlot = this._io.readBytesFull();
KaitaiStream _io__raw_subchunksSlot = new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(_raw_subchunksSlot);
this.subchunksSlot = new Slot(_io__raw_subchunksSlot, this, _root);
}
public static class Slot extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Slot fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Slot(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Slot(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Slot(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.ParentChunkData _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Slot(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.ParentChunkData _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
}
private Riff _root;
private Riff.ParentChunkData _parent;
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public Riff.ParentChunkData _parent() { return _parent; }
}
private long formType;
private Slot subchunksSlot;
private Riff _root;
private KaitaiStruct _parent;
private byte[] _raw_subchunksSlot;
public long formType() { return formType; }
public Slot subchunksSlot() { return subchunksSlot; }
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public KaitaiStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
public byte[] _raw_subchunksSlot() { return _raw_subchunksSlot; }
}
/**
* All registered subchunks in the INFO chunk are NULL-terminated strings,
* but the unregistered might not be. By convention, the registered
* chunk IDs are in uppercase and the unregistered IDs are in lowercase.
*
* If the chunk ID of an INFO subchunk contains a lowercase
* letter, this chunk is considered as unregistered and thus we can make
* no assumptions about the type of data.
*/
public static class InfoSubchunk extends KaitaiStruct {
public static InfoSubchunk fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new InfoSubchunk(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public InfoSubchunk(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public InfoSubchunk(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.ListChunkData _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public InfoSubchunk(KaitaiStream _io, Riff.ListChunkData _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
if (chunkOfs() < 0) {
this.saveChunkOfs = this._io.readBytes(0);
}
this.chunk = new Chunk(this._io, this, _root);
}
private String chunkData;
public String chunkData() {
if (this.chunkData != null)
return this.chunkData;
KaitaiStream io = chunk().dataSlot()._io();
long _pos = io.pos();
io.seek(0);
{
boolean on = isUnregisteredTag();
if (on == false) {
this.chunkData = new String(io.readBytesTerm((byte) 0, false, true, true), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
}
}
io.seek(_pos);
return this.chunkData;
}
private Boolean isUnregisteredTag;
/**
* Check if chunk_id contains lowercase characters ([a-z], ASCII 97 = a, ASCII 122 = z).
*/
public Boolean isUnregisteredTag() {
if (this.isUnregisteredTag != null)
return this.isUnregisteredTag;
boolean _tmp = (boolean) ( (( ((idChars()[0] >= 97) && (idChars()[0] <= 122)) ) || ( ((idChars()[1] >= 97) && (idChars()[1] <= 122)) ) || ( ((idChars()[2] >= 97) && (idChars()[2] <= 122)) ) || ( ((idChars()[3] >= 97) && (idChars()[3] <= 122)) )) );
this.isUnregisteredTag = _tmp;
return this.isUnregisteredTag;
}
private byte[] idChars;
public byte[] idChars() {
if (this.idChars != null)
return this.idChars;
long _pos = this._io.pos();
this._io.seek(chunkOfs());
this.idChars = this._io.readBytes(4);
this._io.seek(_pos);
return this.idChars;
}
private String chunkIdReadable;
public String chunkIdReadable() {
if (this.chunkIdReadable != null)
return this.chunkIdReadable;
this.chunkIdReadable = new String(idChars(), Charset.forName("ASCII"));
return this.chunkIdReadable;
}
private Integer chunkOfs;
public Integer chunkOfs() {
if (this.chunkOfs != null)
return this.chunkOfs;
int _tmp = (int) (_io().pos());
this.chunkOfs = _tmp;
return this.chunkOfs;
}
private byte[] saveChunkOfs;
private Chunk chunk;
private Riff _root;
private Riff.ListChunkData _parent;
public byte[] saveChunkOfs() { return saveChunkOfs; }
public Chunk chunk() { return chunk; }
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public Riff.ListChunkData _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class ChunkType extends KaitaiStruct {
public static ChunkType fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new ChunkType(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public ChunkType(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public ChunkType(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public ChunkType(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent, Riff _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
if (chunkOfs() < 0) {
this.saveChunkOfs = this._io.readBytes(0);
}
this.chunk = new Chunk(this._io, this, _root);
}
private Integer chunkOfs;
public Integer chunkOfs() {
if (this.chunkOfs != null)
return this.chunkOfs;
int _tmp = (int) (_io().pos());
this.chunkOfs = _tmp;
return this.chunkOfs;
}
private Fourcc chunkId;
public Fourcc chunkId() {
if (this.chunkId != null)
return this.chunkId;
this.chunkId = Riff.Fourcc.byId(chunk().id());
return this.chunkId;
}
private String chunkIdReadable;
public String chunkIdReadable() {
if (this.chunkIdReadable != null)
return this.chunkIdReadable;
long _pos = this._io.pos();
this._io.seek(chunkOfs());
this.chunkIdReadable = new String(this._io.readBytes(4), Charset.forName("ASCII"));
this._io.seek(_pos);
return this.chunkIdReadable;
}
private ListChunkData chunkData;
public ListChunkData chunkData() {
if (this.chunkData != null)
return this.chunkData;
KaitaiStream io = chunk().dataSlot()._io();
long _pos = io.pos();
io.seek(0);
{
Fourcc on = chunkId();
if (on != null) {
switch (chunkId()) {
case LIST: {
this.chunkData = new ListChunkData(io, this, _root);
break;
}
}
}
}
io.seek(_pos);
return this.chunkData;
}
private byte[] saveChunkOfs;
private Chunk chunk;
private Riff _root;
private KaitaiStruct _parent;
public byte[] saveChunkOfs() { return saveChunkOfs; }
public Chunk chunk() { return chunk; }
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public KaitaiStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
}
private Fourcc chunkId;
public Fourcc chunkId() {
if (this.chunkId != null)
return this.chunkId;
this.chunkId = Fourcc.byId(chunk().id());
return this.chunkId;
}
private Boolean isRiffChunk;
public Boolean isRiffChunk() {
if (this.isRiffChunk != null)
return this.isRiffChunk;
boolean _tmp = (boolean) (chunkId() == Fourcc.RIFF);
this.isRiffChunk = _tmp;
return this.isRiffChunk;
}
private ParentChunkData parentChunkData;
public ParentChunkData parentChunkData() {
if (this.parentChunkData != null)
return this.parentChunkData;
if (isRiffChunk()) {
KaitaiStream io = chunk().dataSlot()._io();
long _pos = io.pos();
io.seek(0);
this.parentChunkData = new ParentChunkData(io, this, _root);
io.seek(_pos);
}
return this.parentChunkData;
}
private ArrayList<ChunkType> subchunks;
public ArrayList<ChunkType> subchunks() {
if (this.subchunks != null)
return this.subchunks;
if (isRiffChunk()) {
KaitaiStream io = parentChunkData().subchunksSlot()._io();
long _pos = io.pos();
io.seek(0);
this.subchunks = new ArrayList<ChunkType>();
{
int i = 0;
while (!io.isEof()) {
this.subchunks.add(new ChunkType(io, this, _root));
i++;
}
}
io.seek(_pos);
}
return this.subchunks;
}
private Chunk chunk;
private Riff _root;
private KaitaiStruct _parent;
public Chunk chunk() { return chunk; }
public Riff _root() { return _root; }
public KaitaiStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
}