Blender is an open source suite for 3D modelling, sculpting,
animation, compositing, rendering, preparation of assets for its own
game engine and exporting to others, etc. .blend is its own binary
format that saves whole state of suite: current scene, animations,
all software settings, extensions, etc.
Internally, .blend format is a hybrid semi-self-descriptive
format. On top level, it contains a simple header and a sequence of
file blocks, which more or less follow typical TLV
pattern. Pre-last
block would be a structure with code DNA1, which is a essentially
a machine-readable schema of all other structures used in this file.
This page hosts a formal specification of .blend file format of Blender using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for C# generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the C# runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The C# runtime library is available in the NuGet Gallery. Installation instructions can also be found there.
Parse a local file and get structure in memory:
var data = BlenderBlend.FromFile("path/to/local/file.blend");
Or parse structure from a byte array:
byte[] someArray = new byte[] { ... };
var data = new BlenderBlend(new KaitaiStream(someArray));
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by accessing properties like:
data.Hdr // => get hdr
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace Kaitai
{
/// <summary>
/// Blender is an open source suite for 3D modelling, sculpting,
/// animation, compositing, rendering, preparation of assets for its own
/// game engine and exporting to others, etc. `.blend` is its own binary
/// format that saves whole state of suite: current scene, animations,
/// all software settings, extensions, etc.
///
/// Internally, .blend format is a hybrid semi-self-descriptive
/// format. On top level, it contains a simple header and a sequence of
/// file blocks, which more or less follow typical [TLV
/// pattern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type-length-value). Pre-last
/// block would be a structure with code `DNA1`, which is a essentially
/// a machine-readable schema of all other structures used in this file.
/// </summary>
public partial class BlenderBlend : KaitaiStruct
{
public static BlenderBlend FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new BlenderBlend(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public enum PtrSize
{
Bits64 = 45,
Bits32 = 95,
}
public enum Endian
{
Be = 86,
Le = 118,
}
public BlenderBlend(KaitaiStream p__io, KaitaiStruct p__parent = null, BlenderBlend p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root ?? this;
f_sdnaStructs = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_hdr = new Header(m_io, this, m_root);
_blocks = new List<FileBlock>();
{
var i = 0;
while (!m_io.IsEof) {
_blocks.Add(new FileBlock(m_io, this, m_root));
i++;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// DNA struct contains a `type` (type name), which is specified as
/// an index in types table, and sequence of fields.
/// </summary>
public partial class DnaStruct : KaitaiStruct
{
public static DnaStruct FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new DnaStruct(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public DnaStruct(KaitaiStream p__io, BlenderBlend.Dna1Body p__parent = null, BlenderBlend p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
f_type = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_idxType = m_io.ReadU2le();
_numFields = m_io.ReadU2le();
_fields = new List<DnaField>();
for (var i = 0; i < NumFields; i++)
{
_fields.Add(new DnaField(m_io, this, m_root));
}
}
private bool f_type;
private string _type;
public string Type
{
get
{
if (f_type)
return _type;
_type = (string) (M_Parent.Types[IdxType]);
f_type = true;
return _type;
}
}
private ushort _idxType;
private ushort _numFields;
private List<DnaField> _fields;
private BlenderBlend m_root;
private BlenderBlend.Dna1Body m_parent;
public ushort IdxType { get { return _idxType; } }
public ushort NumFields { get { return _numFields; } }
public List<DnaField> Fields { get { return _fields; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public BlenderBlend.Dna1Body M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class FileBlock : KaitaiStruct
{
public static FileBlock FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new FileBlock(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public FileBlock(KaitaiStream p__io, BlenderBlend p__parent = null, BlenderBlend p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
f_sdnaStruct = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_code = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ASCII").GetString(m_io.ReadBytes(4));
_lenBody = m_io.ReadU4le();
_memAddr = m_io.ReadBytes(M_Root.Hdr.Psize);
_sdnaIndex = m_io.ReadU4le();
_count = m_io.ReadU4le();
switch (Code) {
case "DNA1": {
__raw_body = m_io.ReadBytes(LenBody);
var io___raw_body = new KaitaiStream(__raw_body);
_body = new Dna1Body(io___raw_body, this, m_root);
break;
}
default: {
_body = m_io.ReadBytes(LenBody);
break;
}
}
}
private bool f_sdnaStruct;
private DnaStruct _sdnaStruct;
public DnaStruct SdnaStruct
{
get
{
if (f_sdnaStruct)
return _sdnaStruct;
if (SdnaIndex != 0) {
_sdnaStruct = (DnaStruct) (M_Root.SdnaStructs[SdnaIndex]);
}
f_sdnaStruct = true;
return _sdnaStruct;
}
}
private string _code;
private uint _lenBody;
private byte[] _memAddr;
private uint _sdnaIndex;
private uint _count;
private object _body;
private BlenderBlend m_root;
private BlenderBlend m_parent;
private byte[] __raw_body;
/// <summary>
/// Identifier of the file block
/// </summary>
public string Code { get { return _code; } }
/// <summary>
/// Total length of the data after the header of file block
/// </summary>
public uint LenBody { get { return _lenBody; } }
/// <summary>
/// Memory address the structure was located when written to disk
/// </summary>
public byte[] MemAddr { get { return _memAddr; } }
/// <summary>
/// Index of the SDNA structure
/// </summary>
public uint SdnaIndex { get { return _sdnaIndex; } }
/// <summary>
/// Number of structure located in this file-block
/// </summary>
public uint Count { get { return _count; } }
public object Body { get { return _body; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
public byte[] M_RawBody { get { return __raw_body; } }
}
/// <summary>
/// DNA1, also known as "Structure DNA", is a special block in
/// .blend file, which contains machine-readable specifications of
/// all other structures used in this .blend file.
///
/// Effectively, this block contains:
///
/// * a sequence of "names" (strings which represent field names)
/// * a sequence of "types" (strings which represent type name)
/// * a sequence of "type lengths"
/// * a sequence of "structs" (which describe contents of every
/// structure, referring to types and names by index)
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Reference: <a href="https://archive.blender.org/wiki/index.php/Dev:Source/Architecture/File_Format/#Structure_DNA">Source</a>
/// </remarks>
public partial class Dna1Body : KaitaiStruct
{
public static Dna1Body FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new Dna1Body(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Dna1Body(KaitaiStream p__io, BlenderBlend.FileBlock p__parent = null, BlenderBlend p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_id = m_io.ReadBytes(4);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(Id, new byte[] { 83, 68, 78, 65 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 83, 68, 78, 65 }, Id, M_Io, "/types/dna1_body/seq/0");
}
_nameMagic = m_io.ReadBytes(4);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(NameMagic, new byte[] { 78, 65, 77, 69 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 78, 65, 77, 69 }, NameMagic, M_Io, "/types/dna1_body/seq/1");
}
_numNames = m_io.ReadU4le();
_names = new List<string>();
for (var i = 0; i < NumNames; i++)
{
_names.Add(System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8").GetString(m_io.ReadBytesTerm(0, false, true, true)));
}
_padding1 = m_io.ReadBytes(KaitaiStream.Mod((4 - M_Io.Pos), 4));
_typeMagic = m_io.ReadBytes(4);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(TypeMagic, new byte[] { 84, 89, 80, 69 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 84, 89, 80, 69 }, TypeMagic, M_Io, "/types/dna1_body/seq/5");
}
_numTypes = m_io.ReadU4le();
_types = new List<string>();
for (var i = 0; i < NumTypes; i++)
{
_types.Add(System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8").GetString(m_io.ReadBytesTerm(0, false, true, true)));
}
_padding2 = m_io.ReadBytes(KaitaiStream.Mod((4 - M_Io.Pos), 4));
_tlenMagic = m_io.ReadBytes(4);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(TlenMagic, new byte[] { 84, 76, 69, 78 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 84, 76, 69, 78 }, TlenMagic, M_Io, "/types/dna1_body/seq/9");
}
_lengths = new List<ushort>();
for (var i = 0; i < NumTypes; i++)
{
_lengths.Add(m_io.ReadU2le());
}
_padding3 = m_io.ReadBytes(KaitaiStream.Mod((4 - M_Io.Pos), 4));
_strcMagic = m_io.ReadBytes(4);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(StrcMagic, new byte[] { 83, 84, 82, 67 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 83, 84, 82, 67 }, StrcMagic, M_Io, "/types/dna1_body/seq/12");
}
_numStructs = m_io.ReadU4le();
_structs = new List<DnaStruct>();
for (var i = 0; i < NumStructs; i++)
{
_structs.Add(new DnaStruct(m_io, this, m_root));
}
}
private byte[] _id;
private byte[] _nameMagic;
private uint _numNames;
private List<string> _names;
private byte[] _padding1;
private byte[] _typeMagic;
private uint _numTypes;
private List<string> _types;
private byte[] _padding2;
private byte[] _tlenMagic;
private List<ushort> _lengths;
private byte[] _padding3;
private byte[] _strcMagic;
private uint _numStructs;
private List<DnaStruct> _structs;
private BlenderBlend m_root;
private BlenderBlend.FileBlock m_parent;
public byte[] Id { get { return _id; } }
public byte[] NameMagic { get { return _nameMagic; } }
public uint NumNames { get { return _numNames; } }
public List<string> Names { get { return _names; } }
public byte[] Padding1 { get { return _padding1; } }
public byte[] TypeMagic { get { return _typeMagic; } }
public uint NumTypes { get { return _numTypes; } }
public List<string> Types { get { return _types; } }
public byte[] Padding2 { get { return _padding2; } }
public byte[] TlenMagic { get { return _tlenMagic; } }
public List<ushort> Lengths { get { return _lengths; } }
public byte[] Padding3 { get { return _padding3; } }
public byte[] StrcMagic { get { return _strcMagic; } }
public uint NumStructs { get { return _numStructs; } }
public List<DnaStruct> Structs { get { return _structs; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public BlenderBlend.FileBlock M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class Header : KaitaiStruct
{
public static Header FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new Header(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Header(KaitaiStream p__io, BlenderBlend p__parent = null, BlenderBlend p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
f_psize = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_magic = m_io.ReadBytes(7);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(Magic, new byte[] { 66, 76, 69, 78, 68, 69, 82 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 66, 76, 69, 78, 68, 69, 82 }, Magic, M_Io, "/types/header/seq/0");
}
_ptrSizeId = ((BlenderBlend.PtrSize) m_io.ReadU1());
_endian = ((BlenderBlend.Endian) m_io.ReadU1());
_version = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ASCII").GetString(m_io.ReadBytes(3));
}
private bool f_psize;
private sbyte _psize;
/// <summary>
/// Number of bytes that a pointer occupies
/// </summary>
public sbyte Psize
{
get
{
if (f_psize)
return _psize;
_psize = (sbyte) ((PtrSizeId == BlenderBlend.PtrSize.Bits64 ? 8 : 4));
f_psize = true;
return _psize;
}
}
private byte[] _magic;
private PtrSize _ptrSizeId;
private Endian _endian;
private string _version;
private BlenderBlend m_root;
private BlenderBlend m_parent;
public byte[] Magic { get { return _magic; } }
/// <summary>
/// Size of a pointer; all pointers in the file are stored in this format
/// </summary>
public PtrSize PtrSizeId { get { return _ptrSizeId; } }
/// <summary>
/// Type of byte ordering used
/// </summary>
public Endian Endian { get { return _endian; } }
/// <summary>
/// Blender version used to save this file
/// </summary>
public string Version { get { return _version; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class DnaField : KaitaiStruct
{
public static DnaField FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new DnaField(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public DnaField(KaitaiStream p__io, BlenderBlend.DnaStruct p__parent = null, BlenderBlend p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
f_type = false;
f_name = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_idxType = m_io.ReadU2le();
_idxName = m_io.ReadU2le();
}
private bool f_type;
private string _type;
public string Type
{
get
{
if (f_type)
return _type;
_type = (string) (M_Parent.M_Parent.Types[IdxType]);
f_type = true;
return _type;
}
}
private bool f_name;
private string _name;
public string Name
{
get
{
if (f_name)
return _name;
_name = (string) (M_Parent.M_Parent.Names[IdxName]);
f_name = true;
return _name;
}
}
private ushort _idxType;
private ushort _idxName;
private BlenderBlend m_root;
private BlenderBlend.DnaStruct m_parent;
public ushort IdxType { get { return _idxType; } }
public ushort IdxName { get { return _idxName; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public BlenderBlend.DnaStruct M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
private bool f_sdnaStructs;
private List<DnaStruct> _sdnaStructs;
public List<DnaStruct> SdnaStructs
{
get
{
if (f_sdnaStructs)
return _sdnaStructs;
_sdnaStructs = (List<DnaStruct>) (((BlenderBlend.Dna1Body) (Blocks[(Blocks.Count - 2)].Body)).Structs);
f_sdnaStructs = true;
return _sdnaStructs;
}
}
private Header _hdr;
private List<FileBlock> _blocks;
private BlenderBlend m_root;
private KaitaiStruct m_parent;
public Header Hdr { get { return _hdr; } }
public List<FileBlock> Blocks { get { return _blocks; } }
public BlenderBlend M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public KaitaiStruct M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
}