Blender is an open source suite for 3D modelling, sculpting,
animation, compositing, rendering, preparation of assets for its own
game engine and exporting to others, etc. .blend
is its own binary
format that saves whole state of suite: current scene, animations,
all software settings, extensions, etc.
Internally, .blend format is a hybrid semi-self-descriptive
format. On top level, it contains a simple header and a sequence of
file blocks, which more or less follow typical TLV
pattern. Pre-last
block would be a structure with code DNA1
, which is a essentially
a machine-readable schema of all other structures used in this file.
This page hosts a formal specification of .blend file format of Blender using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
-- This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
--
-- This file is compatible with Lua 5.3
local class = require("class")
require("kaitaistruct")
local enum = require("enum")
local str_decode = require("string_decode")
local stringstream = require("string_stream")
local utils = require("utils")
--
-- Blender is an open source suite for 3D modelling, sculpting,
-- animation, compositing, rendering, preparation of assets for its own
-- game engine and exporting to others, etc. `.blend` is its own binary
-- format that saves whole state of suite: current scene, animations,
-- all software settings, extensions, etc.
--
-- Internally, .blend format is a hybrid semi-self-descriptive
-- format. On top level, it contains a simple header and a sequence of
-- file blocks, which more or less follow typical [TLV
-- pattern](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type-length-value). Pre-last
-- block would be a structure with code `DNA1`, which is a essentially
-- a machine-readable schema of all other structures used in this file.
BlenderBlend = class.class(KaitaiStruct)
BlenderBlend.PtrSize = enum.Enum {
bits_64 = 45,
bits_32 = 95,
}
BlenderBlend.Endian = enum.Enum {
be = 86,
le = 118,
}
function BlenderBlend:_init(io, parent, root)
KaitaiStruct._init(self, io)
self._parent = parent
self._root = root or self
self:_read()
end
function BlenderBlend:_read()
self.hdr = BlenderBlend.Header(self._io, self, self._root)
self.blocks = {}
local i = 0
while not self._io:is_eof() do
self.blocks[i + 1] = BlenderBlend.FileBlock(self._io, self, self._root)
i = i + 1
end
end
BlenderBlend.property.sdna_structs = {}
function BlenderBlend.property.sdna_structs:get()
if self._m_sdna_structs ~= nil then
return self._m_sdna_structs
end
self._m_sdna_structs = self.blocks[(#self.blocks - 2) + 1].body.structs
return self._m_sdna_structs
end
--
-- DNA struct contains a `type` (type name), which is specified as
-- an index in types table, and sequence of fields.
BlenderBlend.DnaStruct = class.class(KaitaiStruct)
function BlenderBlend.DnaStruct:_init(io, parent, root)
KaitaiStruct._init(self, io)
self._parent = parent
self._root = root or self
self:_read()
end
function BlenderBlend.DnaStruct:_read()
self.idx_type = self._io:read_u2le()
self.num_fields = self._io:read_u2le()
self.fields = {}
for i = 0, self.num_fields - 1 do
self.fields[i + 1] = BlenderBlend.DnaField(self._io, self, self._root)
end
end
BlenderBlend.DnaStruct.property.type = {}
function BlenderBlend.DnaStruct.property.type:get()
if self._m_type ~= nil then
return self._m_type
end
self._m_type = self._parent.types[self.idx_type + 1]
return self._m_type
end
BlenderBlend.FileBlock = class.class(KaitaiStruct)
function BlenderBlend.FileBlock:_init(io, parent, root)
KaitaiStruct._init(self, io)
self._parent = parent
self._root = root or self
self:_read()
end
function BlenderBlend.FileBlock:_read()
self.code = str_decode.decode(self._io:read_bytes(4), "ASCII")
self.len_body = self._io:read_u4le()
self.mem_addr = self._io:read_bytes(self._root.hdr.psize)
self.sdna_index = self._io:read_u4le()
self.count = self._io:read_u4le()
local _on = self.code
if _on == "DNA1" then
self._raw_body = self._io:read_bytes(self.len_body)
local _io = KaitaiStream(stringstream(self._raw_body))
self.body = BlenderBlend.Dna1Body(_io, self, self._root)
else
self.body = self._io:read_bytes(self.len_body)
end
end
BlenderBlend.FileBlock.property.sdna_struct = {}
function BlenderBlend.FileBlock.property.sdna_struct:get()
if self._m_sdna_struct ~= nil then
return self._m_sdna_struct
end
if self.sdna_index ~= 0 then
self._m_sdna_struct = self._root.sdna_structs[self.sdna_index + 1]
end
return self._m_sdna_struct
end
--
-- Identifier of the file block.
--
-- Total length of the data after the header of file block.
--
-- Memory address the structure was located when written to disk.
--
-- Index of the SDNA structure.
--
-- Number of structure located in this file-block.
--
-- DNA1, also known as "Structure DNA", is a special block in
-- .blend file, which contains machine-readable specifications of
-- all other structures used in this .blend file.
--
-- Effectively, this block contains:
--
-- * a sequence of "names" (strings which represent field names)
-- * a sequence of "types" (strings which represent type name)
-- * a sequence of "type lengths"
-- * a sequence of "structs" (which describe contents of every
-- structure, referring to types and names by index)
-- See also: Source (https://archive.blender.org/wiki/index.php/Dev:Source/Architecture/File_Format/#Structure_DNA)
BlenderBlend.Dna1Body = class.class(KaitaiStruct)
function BlenderBlend.Dna1Body:_init(io, parent, root)
KaitaiStruct._init(self, io)
self._parent = parent
self._root = root or self
self:_read()
end
function BlenderBlend.Dna1Body:_read()
self.id = self._io:read_bytes(4)
if not(self.id == "\083\068\078\065") then
error("not equal, expected " .. "\083\068\078\065" .. ", but got " .. self.id)
end
self.name_magic = self._io:read_bytes(4)
if not(self.name_magic == "\078\065\077\069") then
error("not equal, expected " .. "\078\065\077\069" .. ", but got " .. self.name_magic)
end
self.num_names = self._io:read_u4le()
self.names = {}
for i = 0, self.num_names - 1 do
self.names[i + 1] = str_decode.decode(self._io:read_bytes_term(0, false, true, true), "UTF-8")
end
self.padding_1 = self._io:read_bytes(((4 - self._io:pos()) % 4))
self.type_magic = self._io:read_bytes(4)
if not(self.type_magic == "\084\089\080\069") then
error("not equal, expected " .. "\084\089\080\069" .. ", but got " .. self.type_magic)
end
self.num_types = self._io:read_u4le()
self.types = {}
for i = 0, self.num_types - 1 do
self.types[i + 1] = str_decode.decode(self._io:read_bytes_term(0, false, true, true), "UTF-8")
end
self.padding_2 = self._io:read_bytes(((4 - self._io:pos()) % 4))
self.tlen_magic = self._io:read_bytes(4)
if not(self.tlen_magic == "\084\076\069\078") then
error("not equal, expected " .. "\084\076\069\078" .. ", but got " .. self.tlen_magic)
end
self.lengths = {}
for i = 0, self.num_types - 1 do
self.lengths[i + 1] = self._io:read_u2le()
end
self.padding_3 = self._io:read_bytes(((4 - self._io:pos()) % 4))
self.strc_magic = self._io:read_bytes(4)
if not(self.strc_magic == "\083\084\082\067") then
error("not equal, expected " .. "\083\084\082\067" .. ", but got " .. self.strc_magic)
end
self.num_structs = self._io:read_u4le()
self.structs = {}
for i = 0, self.num_structs - 1 do
self.structs[i + 1] = BlenderBlend.DnaStruct(self._io, self, self._root)
end
end
BlenderBlend.Header = class.class(KaitaiStruct)
function BlenderBlend.Header:_init(io, parent, root)
KaitaiStruct._init(self, io)
self._parent = parent
self._root = root or self
self:_read()
end
function BlenderBlend.Header:_read()
self.magic = self._io:read_bytes(7)
if not(self.magic == "\066\076\069\078\068\069\082") then
error("not equal, expected " .. "\066\076\069\078\068\069\082" .. ", but got " .. self.magic)
end
self.ptr_size_id = BlenderBlend.PtrSize(self._io:read_u1())
self.endian = BlenderBlend.Endian(self._io:read_u1())
self.version = str_decode.decode(self._io:read_bytes(3), "ASCII")
end
--
-- Number of bytes that a pointer occupies.
BlenderBlend.Header.property.psize = {}
function BlenderBlend.Header.property.psize:get()
if self._m_psize ~= nil then
return self._m_psize
end
self._m_psize = utils.box_unwrap((self.ptr_size_id == BlenderBlend.PtrSize.bits_64) and utils.box_wrap(8) or (4))
return self._m_psize
end
--
-- Size of a pointer; all pointers in the file are stored in this format.
--
-- Type of byte ordering used.
--
-- Blender version used to save this file.
BlenderBlend.DnaField = class.class(KaitaiStruct)
function BlenderBlend.DnaField:_init(io, parent, root)
KaitaiStruct._init(self, io)
self._parent = parent
self._root = root or self
self:_read()
end
function BlenderBlend.DnaField:_read()
self.idx_type = self._io:read_u2le()
self.idx_name = self._io:read_u2le()
end
BlenderBlend.DnaField.property.type = {}
function BlenderBlend.DnaField.property.type:get()
if self._m_type ~= nil then
return self._m_type
end
self._m_type = self._parent._parent.types[self.idx_type + 1]
return self._m_type
end
BlenderBlend.DnaField.property.name = {}
function BlenderBlend.DnaField.property.name:get()
if self._m_name ~= nil then
return self._m_name
end
self._m_name = self._parent._parent.names[self.idx_name + 1]
return self._m_name
end