RAR (Roshall ARchiver) archive files: Ruby parsing library

RAR is a archive format used by popular proprietary RAR archiver, created by Eugene Roshal. There are two major versions of format (v1.5-4.0 and RAR v5+).

File format essentially consists of a linear sequence of blocks. Each block has fixed header and custom body (that depends on block type), so it's possible to skip block even if one doesn't know how to process a certain block type.

Application

RAR archiver

File extension

rar

KS implementation details

License: CC0-1.0
Minimal Kaitai Struct required: 0.7

References

This page hosts a formal specification of RAR (Roshall ARchiver) archive files using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.

Usage

Runtime library

All parsing code for Ruby generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Ruby runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.

The Ruby runtime library can be installed from RubyGems:

gem install kaitai-struct

Code

Parse a local file and get structure in memory:

data = Rar.from_file("path/to/local/file.rar")

Or parse structure from a string of bytes:

bytes = "\x00\x01\x02..."
data = Rar.new(Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(bytes))

After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:

data.magic # => File format signature to validate that it is indeed a RAR archive

Ruby source code to parse RAR (Roshall ARchiver) archive files

rar.rb

# This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild

require 'kaitai/struct/struct'

unless Gem::Version.new(Kaitai::Struct::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new('0.9')
  raise "Incompatible Kaitai Struct Ruby API: 0.9 or later is required, but you have #{Kaitai::Struct::VERSION}"
end


##
# RAR is a archive format used by popular proprietary RAR archiver,
# created by Eugene Roshal. There are two major versions of format
# (v1.5-4.0 and RAR v5+).
# 
# File format essentially consists of a linear sequence of
# blocks. Each block has fixed header and custom body (that depends on
# block type), so it's possible to skip block even if one doesn't know
# how to process a certain block type.
# @see http://acritum.com/winrar/rar-format Source
class Rar < Kaitai::Struct::Struct

  BLOCK_TYPES = {
    114 => :block_types_marker,
    115 => :block_types_archive_header,
    116 => :block_types_file_header,
    117 => :block_types_old_style_comment_header,
    118 => :block_types_old_style_authenticity_info_76,
    119 => :block_types_old_style_subblock,
    120 => :block_types_old_style_recovery_record,
    121 => :block_types_old_style_authenticity_info_79,
    122 => :block_types_subblock,
    123 => :block_types_terminator,
  }
  I__BLOCK_TYPES = BLOCK_TYPES.invert

  OSES = {
    0 => :oses_ms_dos,
    1 => :oses_os_2,
    2 => :oses_windows,
    3 => :oses_unix,
    4 => :oses_mac_os,
    5 => :oses_beos,
  }
  I__OSES = OSES.invert

  METHODS = {
    48 => :methods_store,
    49 => :methods_fastest,
    50 => :methods_fast,
    51 => :methods_normal,
    52 => :methods_good,
    53 => :methods_best,
  }
  I__METHODS = METHODS.invert
  def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
    super(_io, _parent, _root)
    _read
  end

  def _read
    @magic = MagicSignature.new(@_io, self, @_root)
    @blocks = []
    i = 0
    while not @_io.eof?
      case magic.version
      when 0
        @blocks << Block.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      when 1
        @blocks << BlockV5.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      end
      i += 1
    end
    self
  end

  ##
  # RAR uses either 7-byte magic for RAR versions 1.5 to 4.0, and
  # 8-byte magic (and pretty different block format) for v5+. This
  # type would parse and validate both versions of signature. Note
  # that actually this signature is a valid RAR "block": in theory,
  # one can omit signature reading at all, and read this normally,
  # as a block, if exact RAR version is known (and thus it's
  # possible to choose correct block format).
  class MagicSignature < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @magic1 = @_io.read_bytes(6)
      raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([82, 97, 114, 33, 26, 7].pack('C*'), magic1, _io, "/types/magic_signature/seq/0") if not magic1 == [82, 97, 114, 33, 26, 7].pack('C*')
      @version = @_io.read_u1
      if version == 1
        @magic3 = @_io.read_bytes(1)
        raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([0].pack('C*'), magic3, _io, "/types/magic_signature/seq/2") if not magic3 == [0].pack('C*')
      end
      self
    end

    ##
    # Fixed part of file's magic signature that doesn't change with RAR version
    attr_reader :magic1

    ##
    # Variable part of magic signature: 0 means old (RAR 1.5-4.0)
    # format, 1 means new (RAR 5+) format
    attr_reader :version

    ##
    # New format (RAR 5+) magic contains extra byte
    attr_reader :magic3
  end

  ##
  # Basic block that RAR files consist of. There are several block
  # types (see `block_type`), which have different `body` and
  # `add_body`.
  class Block < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @crc16 = @_io.read_u2le
      @block_type = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::resolve_enum(Rar::BLOCK_TYPES, @_io.read_u1)
      @flags = @_io.read_u2le
      @block_size = @_io.read_u2le
      if has_add
        @add_size = @_io.read_u4le
      end
      case block_type
      when :block_types_file_header
        @_raw_body = @_io.read_bytes(body_size)
        _io__raw_body = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_body)
        @body = BlockFileHeader.new(_io__raw_body, self, @_root)
      else
        @body = @_io.read_bytes(body_size)
      end
      if has_add
        @add_body = @_io.read_bytes(add_size)
      end
      self
    end

    ##
    # True if block has additional content attached to it
    def has_add
      return @has_add unless @has_add.nil?
      @has_add = (flags & 32768) != 0
      @has_add
    end
    def header_size
      return @header_size unless @header_size.nil?
      @header_size = (has_add ? 11 : 7)
      @header_size
    end
    def body_size
      return @body_size unless @body_size.nil?
      @body_size = (block_size - header_size)
      @body_size
    end

    ##
    # CRC16 of whole block or some part of it (depends on block type)
    attr_reader :crc16
    attr_reader :block_type
    attr_reader :flags

    ##
    # Size of block (header + body, but without additional content)
    attr_reader :block_size

    ##
    # Size of additional content in this block
    attr_reader :add_size
    attr_reader :body

    ##
    # Additional content in this block
    attr_reader :add_body
    attr_reader :_raw_body
  end
  class BlockFileHeader < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @low_unp_size = @_io.read_u4le
      @host_os = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::resolve_enum(Rar::OSES, @_io.read_u1)
      @file_crc32 = @_io.read_u4le
      @_raw_file_time = @_io.read_bytes(4)
      _io__raw_file_time = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_file_time)
      @file_time = DosDatetime.new(_io__raw_file_time)
      @rar_version = @_io.read_u1
      @method = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::resolve_enum(Rar::METHODS, @_io.read_u1)
      @name_size = @_io.read_u2le
      @attr = @_io.read_u4le
      if (_parent.flags & 256) != 0
        @high_pack_size = @_io.read_u4le
      end
      @file_name = @_io.read_bytes(name_size)
      if (_parent.flags & 1024) != 0
        @salt = @_io.read_u8le
      end
      self
    end

    ##
    # Uncompressed file size (lower 32 bits, if 64-bit header flag is present)
    attr_reader :low_unp_size

    ##
    # Operating system used for archiving
    attr_reader :host_os
    attr_reader :file_crc32

    ##
    # Date and time in standard MS DOS format
    attr_reader :file_time

    ##
    # RAR version needed to extract file (Version number is encoded as 10 * Major version + minor version.)
    attr_reader :rar_version

    ##
    # Compression method
    attr_reader :method

    ##
    # File name size
    attr_reader :name_size

    ##
    # File attributes
    attr_reader :attr

    ##
    # Compressed file size, high 32 bits, only if 64-bit header flag is present
    attr_reader :high_pack_size
    attr_reader :file_name
    attr_reader :salt
    attr_reader :_raw_file_time
  end
  class BlockV5 < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      self
    end
  end

  ##
  # File format signature to validate that it is indeed a RAR archive
  attr_reader :magic

  ##
  # Sequence of blocks that constitute the RAR file
  attr_reader :blocks
end