Scream Tracker 3 module: Ruby parsing library

Scream Tracker 3 module is a tracker music file format that, as all tracker music, bundles both sound samples and instructions on which notes to play. It originates from a Scream Tracker 3 music editor (1994) by Future Crew, derived from original Scream Tracker 2 (.stm) module format.

Instrument descriptions in S3M format allow to use either digital samples or setup and control AdLib (OPL2) synth.

Music is organized in so called patterns. "Pattern" is a generally a 64-row long table, which instructs which notes to play on which time measure. "Patterns" are played one-by-one in a sequence determined by orders, which is essentially an array of pattern IDs

  • this way it's possible to reuse certain patterns more than once for repetitive musical phrases.

File extension

s3m

KS implementation details

License: CC0-1.0

References

This page hosts a formal specification of Scream Tracker 3 module using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.

Usage

Runtime library

All parsing code for Ruby generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Ruby runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.

The Ruby runtime library can be installed from RubyGems:

gem install kaitai-struct

Code

Parse a local file and get structure in memory:

data = S3m.from_file("path/to/local/file.s3m")

Or parse structure from a string of bytes:

bytes = "\x00\x01\x02..."
data = S3m.new(Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(bytes))

After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:

data.num_orders # => Number of orders in a song

Ruby source code to parse Scream Tracker 3 module

s3m.rb

# This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild

require 'kaitai/struct/struct'

unless Gem::Version.new(Kaitai::Struct::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new('0.9')
  raise "Incompatible Kaitai Struct Ruby API: 0.9 or later is required, but you have #{Kaitai::Struct::VERSION}"
end


##
# Scream Tracker 3 module is a tracker music file format that, as all
# tracker music, bundles both sound samples and instructions on which
# notes to play. It originates from a Scream Tracker 3 music editor
# (1994) by Future Crew, derived from original Scream Tracker 2 (.stm)
# module format.
# 
# Instrument descriptions in S3M format allow to use either digital
# samples or setup and control AdLib (OPL2) synth.
# 
# Music is organized in so called `patterns`. "Pattern" is a generally
# a 64-row long table, which instructs which notes to play on which
# time measure. "Patterns" are played one-by-one in a sequence
# determined by `orders`, which is essentially an array of pattern IDs
# - this way it's possible to reuse certain patterns more than once
# for repetitive musical phrases.
# @see http://hackipedia.org/browse.cgi/File%20formats/Music%20tracker/S3M%2c%20ScreamTracker%203/Scream%20Tracker%203.20%20by%20Future%20Crew.txt Source
class S3m < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
  def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
    super(_io, _parent, _root)
    _read
  end

  def _read
    @song_name = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::bytes_terminate(@_io.read_bytes(28), 0, false)
    @magic1 = @_io.read_bytes(1)
    raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([26].pack('C*'), magic1, _io, "/seq/1") if not magic1 == [26].pack('C*')
    @file_type = @_io.read_u1
    @reserved1 = @_io.read_bytes(2)
    @num_orders = @_io.read_u2le
    @num_instruments = @_io.read_u2le
    @num_patterns = @_io.read_u2le
    @flags = @_io.read_u2le
    @version = @_io.read_u2le
    @samples_format = @_io.read_u2le
    @magic2 = @_io.read_bytes(4)
    raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([83, 67, 82, 77].pack('C*'), magic2, _io, "/seq/10") if not magic2 == [83, 67, 82, 77].pack('C*')
    @global_volume = @_io.read_u1
    @initial_speed = @_io.read_u1
    @initial_tempo = @_io.read_u1
    @is_stereo = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
    @master_volume = @_io.read_bits_int_be(7)
    @_io.align_to_byte
    @ultra_click_removal = @_io.read_u1
    @has_custom_pan = @_io.read_u1
    @reserved2 = @_io.read_bytes(8)
    @ofs_special = @_io.read_u2le
    @channels = []
    (32).times { |i|
      @channels << Channel.new(@_io, self, @_root)
    }
    @orders = @_io.read_bytes(num_orders)
    @instruments = []
    (num_instruments).times { |i|
      @instruments << InstrumentPtr.new(@_io, self, @_root)
    }
    @patterns = []
    (num_patterns).times { |i|
      @patterns << PatternPtr.new(@_io, self, @_root)
    }
    if has_custom_pan == 252
      @channel_pans = []
      (32).times { |i|
        @channel_pans << ChannelPan.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      }
    end
    self
  end
  class ChannelPan < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @reserved1 = @_io.read_bits_int_be(2)
      @has_custom_pan = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
      @reserved2 = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
      @pan = @_io.read_bits_int_be(4)
      self
    end
    attr_reader :reserved1

    ##
    # If true, then use a custom pan setting provided in the `pan`
    # field. If false, the channel would use the default setting
    # (0x7 for mono, 0x3 or 0xc for stereo).
    attr_reader :has_custom_pan
    attr_reader :reserved2
    attr_reader :pan
  end
  class PatternCell < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @has_fx = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
      @has_volume = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
      @has_note_and_instrument = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
      @channel_num = @_io.read_bits_int_be(5)
      @_io.align_to_byte
      if has_note_and_instrument
        @note = @_io.read_u1
      end
      if has_note_and_instrument
        @instrument = @_io.read_u1
      end
      if has_volume
        @volume = @_io.read_u1
      end
      if has_fx
        @fx_type = @_io.read_u1
      end
      if has_fx
        @fx_value = @_io.read_u1
      end
      self
    end
    attr_reader :has_fx
    attr_reader :has_volume
    attr_reader :has_note_and_instrument
    attr_reader :channel_num
    attr_reader :note
    attr_reader :instrument
    attr_reader :volume
    attr_reader :fx_type
    attr_reader :fx_value
  end
  class PatternCells < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @cells = []
      i = 0
      while not @_io.eof?
        @cells << PatternCell.new(@_io, self, @_root)
        i += 1
      end
      self
    end
    attr_reader :cells
  end
  class Channel < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @is_disabled = @_io.read_bits_int_be(1) != 0
      @ch_type = @_io.read_bits_int_be(7)
      self
    end
    attr_reader :is_disabled

    ##
    # Channel type (0..7 = left sample channels, 8..15 = right sample channels, 16..31 = AdLib synth channels)
    attr_reader :ch_type
  end

  ##
  # Custom 3-byte integer, stored in mixed endian manner.
  class SwappedU3 < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @hi = @_io.read_u1
      @lo = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end
    def value
      return @value unless @value.nil?
      @value = (lo | (hi << 16))
      @value
    end
    attr_reader :hi
    attr_reader :lo
  end
  class Pattern < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @size = @_io.read_u2le
      @_raw_body = @_io.read_bytes((size - 2))
      _io__raw_body = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_body)
      @body = PatternCells.new(_io__raw_body, self, @_root)
      self
    end
    attr_reader :size
    attr_reader :body
    attr_reader :_raw_body
  end
  class PatternPtr < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @paraptr = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end
    def body
      return @body unless @body.nil?
      _pos = @_io.pos
      @_io.seek((paraptr * 16))
      @body = Pattern.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      @_io.seek(_pos)
      @body
    end
    attr_reader :paraptr
  end
  class InstrumentPtr < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @paraptr = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end
    def body
      return @body unless @body.nil?
      _pos = @_io.pos
      @_io.seek((paraptr * 16))
      @body = Instrument.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      @_io.seek(_pos)
      @body
    end
    attr_reader :paraptr
  end
  class Instrument < Kaitai::Struct::Struct

    INST_TYPES = {
      1 => :inst_types_sample,
      2 => :inst_types_melodic,
      3 => :inst_types_bass_drum,
      4 => :inst_types_snare_drum,
      5 => :inst_types_tom,
      6 => :inst_types_cymbal,
      7 => :inst_types_hihat,
    }
    I__INST_TYPES = INST_TYPES.invert
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @type = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::resolve_enum(INST_TYPES, @_io.read_u1)
      @filename = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::bytes_terminate(@_io.read_bytes(12), 0, false)
      case type
      when :inst_types_sample
        @body = Sampled.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      else
        @body = Adlib.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      end
      @tuning_hz = @_io.read_u4le
      @reserved2 = @_io.read_bytes(12)
      @sample_name = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::bytes_terminate(@_io.read_bytes(28), 0, false)
      @magic = @_io.read_bytes(4)
      raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([83, 67, 82, 83].pack('C*'), magic, _io, "/types/instrument/seq/6") if not magic == [83, 67, 82, 83].pack('C*')
      self
    end
    class Sampled < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
      def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
        super(_io, _parent, _root)
        _read
      end

      def _read
        @paraptr_sample = SwappedU3.new(@_io, self, @_root)
        @len_sample = @_io.read_u4le
        @loop_begin = @_io.read_u4le
        @loop_end = @_io.read_u4le
        @default_volume = @_io.read_u1
        @reserved1 = @_io.read_u1
        @is_packed = @_io.read_u1
        @flags = @_io.read_u1
        self
      end
      def sample
        return @sample unless @sample.nil?
        _pos = @_io.pos
        @_io.seek((paraptr_sample.value * 16))
        @sample = @_io.read_bytes(len_sample)
        @_io.seek(_pos)
        @sample
      end
      attr_reader :paraptr_sample
      attr_reader :len_sample
      attr_reader :loop_begin
      attr_reader :loop_end

      ##
      # Default volume
      attr_reader :default_volume
      attr_reader :reserved1

      ##
      # 0 = unpacked, 1 = DP30ADPCM packing
      attr_reader :is_packed
      attr_reader :flags
    end
    class Adlib < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
      def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
        super(_io, _parent, _root)
        _read
      end

      def _read
        @reserved1 = @_io.read_bytes(3)
        raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([0, 0, 0].pack('C*'), reserved1, _io, "/types/instrument/types/adlib/seq/0") if not reserved1 == [0, 0, 0].pack('C*')
        @_unnamed1 = @_io.read_bytes(16)
        self
      end
      attr_reader :reserved1
      attr_reader :_unnamed1
    end
    attr_reader :type
    attr_reader :filename
    attr_reader :body
    attr_reader :tuning_hz
    attr_reader :reserved2
    attr_reader :sample_name
    attr_reader :magic
  end
  attr_reader :song_name
  attr_reader :magic1
  attr_reader :file_type
  attr_reader :reserved1

  ##
  # Number of orders in a song
  attr_reader :num_orders

  ##
  # Number of instruments in a song
  attr_reader :num_instruments

  ##
  # Number of patterns in a song
  attr_reader :num_patterns
  attr_reader :flags

  ##
  # Scream Tracker version that was used to save this file
  attr_reader :version

  ##
  # 1 = signed samples, 2 = unsigned samples
  attr_reader :samples_format
  attr_reader :magic2
  attr_reader :global_volume
  attr_reader :initial_speed
  attr_reader :initial_tempo
  attr_reader :is_stereo
  attr_reader :master_volume
  attr_reader :ultra_click_removal
  attr_reader :has_custom_pan
  attr_reader :reserved2

  ##
  # Offset of special data, not used by Scream Tracker directly.
  attr_reader :ofs_special
  attr_reader :channels
  attr_reader :orders
  attr_reader :instruments
  attr_reader :patterns
  attr_reader :channel_pans
end