Standard MIDI file: Java (read-write) parsing library

Standard MIDI file, typically known just as "MID", is a standard way to serialize series of MIDI events, which is a protocol used in many music synthesizers to transfer music data: notes being played, effects being applied, etc.

Internally, file consists of a header and series of tracks, every track listing MIDI events with certain header designating time these events are happening.

NOTE: Rarely, MIDI files employ certain stateful compression scheme to avoid storing certain elements of further elements, instead reusing them from events which happened earlier in the stream. Kaitai Struct (as of v0.9) is currently unable to parse these, but files employing this mechanism are relatively rare.

File extension

["mid", "midi", "smf"]

KS implementation details

License: CC0-1.0

References

This page hosts a formal specification of Standard MIDI file using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.

Java (read-write) source code to parse Standard MIDI file

StandardMidiFile.java

// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild

import io.kaitai.struct.ByteBufferKaitaiStream;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStruct;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Objects;
import io.kaitai.struct.ConsistencyError;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;


/**
 * Standard MIDI file, typically known just as "MID", is a standard way
 * to serialize series of MIDI events, which is a protocol used in many
 * music synthesizers to transfer music data: notes being played,
 * effects being applied, etc.
 * 
 * Internally, file consists of a header and series of tracks, every
 * track listing MIDI events with certain header designating time these
 * events are happening.
 * 
 * NOTE: Rarely, MIDI files employ certain stateful compression scheme
 * to avoid storing certain elements of further elements, instead
 * reusing them from events which happened earlier in the
 * stream. Kaitai Struct (as of v0.9) is currently unable to parse
 * these, but files employing this mechanism are relatively rare.
 */
public class StandardMidiFile extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
    public static StandardMidiFile fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
        return new StandardMidiFile(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
    }
    public StandardMidiFile() {
        this(null, null, null);
    }

    public StandardMidiFile(KaitaiStream _io) {
        this(_io, null, null);
    }

    public StandardMidiFile(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite _parent) {
        this(_io, _parent, null);
    }

    public StandardMidiFile(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
        super(_io);
        this._parent = _parent;
        this._root = _root == null ? this : _root;
    }
    public void _read() {
        this.hdr = new Header(this._io, this, _root);
        this.hdr._read();
        this.tracks = new ArrayList<Track>();
        for (int i = 0; i < hdr().numTracks(); i++) {
            Track _t_tracks = new Track(this._io, this, _root);
            try {
                _t_tracks._read();
            } finally {
                this.tracks.add(_t_tracks);
            }
        }
        _dirty = false;
    }

    public void _fetchInstances() {
        this.hdr._fetchInstances();
        for (int i = 0; i < this.tracks.size(); i++) {
            this.tracks.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._fetchInstances();
        }
    }

    public void _write_Seq() {
        _assertNotDirty();
        this.hdr._write_Seq(this._io);
        for (int i = 0; i < this.tracks.size(); i++) {
            this.tracks.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._write_Seq(this._io);
        }
    }

    public void _check() {
        if (!Objects.equals(this.hdr._root(), _root()))
            throw new ConsistencyError("hdr", _root(), this.hdr._root());
        if (!Objects.equals(this.hdr._parent(), this))
            throw new ConsistencyError("hdr", this, this.hdr._parent());
        if (this.tracks.size() != hdr().numTracks())
            throw new ConsistencyError("tracks", hdr().numTracks(), this.tracks.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < this.tracks.size(); i++) {
            if (!Objects.equals(this.tracks.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._root(), _root()))
                throw new ConsistencyError("tracks", _root(), this.tracks.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._root());
            if (!Objects.equals(this.tracks.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._parent(), this))
                throw new ConsistencyError("tracks", this, this.tracks.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._parent());
        }
        _dirty = false;
    }
    public static class ChannelPressureEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static ChannelPressureEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new ChannelPressureEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public ChannelPressureEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public ChannelPressureEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public ChannelPressureEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public ChannelPressureEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.pressure = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.pressure);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private int pressure;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int pressure() { return pressure; }
        public void setPressure(int _v) { _dirty = true; pressure = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class ControllerEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static ControllerEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new ControllerEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public ControllerEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public ControllerEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public ControllerEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public ControllerEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.controller = this._io.readU1();
            this.value = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.controller);
            this._io.writeU1(this.value);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private int controller;
        private int value;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int controller() { return controller; }
        public void setController(int _v) { _dirty = true; controller = _v; }
        public int value() { return value; }
        public void setValue(int _v) { _dirty = true; value = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class Header extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static Header fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new Header(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public Header() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public Header(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public Header(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public Header(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.magic = this._io.readBytes(4);
            if (!(Arrays.equals(this.magic, new byte[] { 77, 84, 104, 100 }))) {
                throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 77, 84, 104, 100 }, this.magic, this._io, "/types/header/seq/0");
            }
            this.lenHeader = this._io.readU4be();
            this.format = this._io.readU2be();
            this.numTracks = this._io.readU2be();
            this.division = this._io.readS2be();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeBytes(this.magic);
            this._io.writeU4be(this.lenHeader);
            this._io.writeU2be(this.format);
            this._io.writeU2be(this.numTracks);
            this._io.writeS2be(this.division);
        }

        public void _check() {
            if (this.magic.length != 4)
                throw new ConsistencyError("magic", 4, this.magic.length);
            if (!(Arrays.equals(this.magic, new byte[] { 77, 84, 104, 100 }))) {
                throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 77, 84, 104, 100 }, this.magic, null, "/types/header/seq/0");
            }
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private byte[] magic;
        private long lenHeader;
        private int format;
        private int numTracks;
        private short division;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile _parent;
        public byte[] magic() { return magic; }
        public void setMagic(byte[] _v) { _dirty = true; magic = _v; }
        public long lenHeader() { return lenHeader; }
        public void setLenHeader(long _v) { _dirty = true; lenHeader = _v; }
        public int format() { return format; }
        public void setFormat(int _v) { _dirty = true; format = _v; }
        public int numTracks() { return numTracks; }
        public void setNumTracks(int _v) { _dirty = true; numTracks = _v; }
        public short division() { return division; }
        public void setDivision(short _v) { _dirty = true; division = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class MetaEventBody extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static MetaEventBody fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new MetaEventBody(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }

        public enum MetaTypeEnum {
            SEQUENCE_NUMBER(0),
            TEXT_EVENT(1),
            COPYRIGHT(2),
            SEQUENCE_TRACK_NAME(3),
            INSTRUMENT_NAME(4),
            LYRIC_TEXT(5),
            MARKER_TEXT(6),
            CUE_POINT(7),
            MIDI_CHANNEL_PREFIX_ASSIGNMENT(32),
            END_OF_TRACK(47),
            TEMPO(81),
            SMPTE_OFFSET(84),
            TIME_SIGNATURE(88),
            KEY_SIGNATURE(89),
            SEQUENCER_SPECIFIC_EVENT(127);

            private final long id;
            MetaTypeEnum(long id) { this.id = id; }
            public long id() { return id; }
            private static final Map<Long, MetaTypeEnum> byId = new HashMap<Long, MetaTypeEnum>(15);
            static {
                for (MetaTypeEnum e : MetaTypeEnum.values())
                    byId.put(e.id(), e);
            }
            public static MetaTypeEnum byId(long id) { return byId.get(id); }
        }
        public MetaEventBody() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public MetaEventBody(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public MetaEventBody(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public MetaEventBody(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.metaType = MetaTypeEnum.byId(this._io.readU1());
            this.len = new VlqBase128Be(this._io);
            this.len._read();
            this.body = this._io.readBytes(len().value());
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
            this.len._fetchInstances();
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(((Number) (this.metaType.id())).intValue());
            this.len._write_Seq(this._io);
            this._io.writeBytes(this.body);
        }

        public void _check() {
            if (this.body.length != len().value())
                throw new ConsistencyError("body", len().value(), this.body.length);
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private MetaTypeEnum metaType;
        private VlqBase128Be len;
        private byte[] body;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public MetaTypeEnum metaType() { return metaType; }
        public void setMetaType(MetaTypeEnum _v) { _dirty = true; metaType = _v; }
        public VlqBase128Be len() { return len; }
        public void setLen(VlqBase128Be _v) { _dirty = true; len = _v; }
        public byte[] body() { return body; }
        public void setBody(byte[] _v) { _dirty = true; body = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class NoteOffEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static NoteOffEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new NoteOffEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public NoteOffEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public NoteOffEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public NoteOffEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public NoteOffEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.note = this._io.readU1();
            this.velocity = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.note);
            this._io.writeU1(this.velocity);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private int note;
        private int velocity;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int note() { return note; }
        public void setNote(int _v) { _dirty = true; note = _v; }
        public int velocity() { return velocity; }
        public void setVelocity(int _v) { _dirty = true; velocity = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class NoteOnEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static NoteOnEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new NoteOnEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public NoteOnEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public NoteOnEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public NoteOnEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public NoteOnEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.note = this._io.readU1();
            this.velocity = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.note);
            this._io.writeU1(this.velocity);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private int note;
        private int velocity;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int note() { return note; }
        public void setNote(int _v) { _dirty = true; note = _v; }
        public int velocity() { return velocity; }
        public void setVelocity(int _v) { _dirty = true; velocity = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class PitchBendEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static PitchBendEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new PitchBendEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public PitchBendEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public PitchBendEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public PitchBendEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public PitchBendEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.b1 = this._io.readU1();
            this.b2 = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.b1);
            this._io.writeU1(this.b2);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private Integer adjBendValue;
        public Integer adjBendValue() {
            if (this.adjBendValue != null)
                return this.adjBendValue;
            this.adjBendValue = ((Number) (bendValue() - 16384)).intValue();
            return this.adjBendValue;
        }
        public void _invalidateAdjBendValue() { this.adjBendValue = null; }
        private Integer bendValue;
        public Integer bendValue() {
            if (this.bendValue != null)
                return this.bendValue;
            this.bendValue = ((Number) (((b2() << 7) + b1()) - 16384)).intValue();
            return this.bendValue;
        }
        public void _invalidateBendValue() { this.bendValue = null; }
        private int b1;
        private int b2;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int b1() { return b1; }
        public void setB1(int _v) { _dirty = true; b1 = _v; }
        public int b2() { return b2; }
        public void setB2(int _v) { _dirty = true; b2 = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class PolyphonicPressureEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static PolyphonicPressureEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new PolyphonicPressureEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public PolyphonicPressureEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public PolyphonicPressureEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public PolyphonicPressureEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public PolyphonicPressureEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.note = this._io.readU1();
            this.pressure = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.note);
            this._io.writeU1(this.pressure);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private int note;
        private int pressure;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int note() { return note; }
        public void setNote(int _v) { _dirty = true; note = _v; }
        public int pressure() { return pressure; }
        public void setPressure(int _v) { _dirty = true; pressure = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class ProgramChangeEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static ProgramChangeEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new ProgramChangeEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public ProgramChangeEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public ProgramChangeEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public ProgramChangeEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public ProgramChangeEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.program = this._io.readU1();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeU1(this.program);
        }

        public void _check() {
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private int program;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public int program() { return program; }
        public void setProgram(int _v) { _dirty = true; program = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class SysexEventBody extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static SysexEventBody fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new SysexEventBody(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public SysexEventBody() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public SysexEventBody(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public SysexEventBody(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public SysexEventBody(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.len = new VlqBase128Be(this._io);
            this.len._read();
            this.data = this._io.readBytes(len().value());
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
            this.len._fetchInstances();
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this.len._write_Seq(this._io);
            this._io.writeBytes(this.data);
        }

        public void _check() {
            if (this.data.length != len().value())
                throw new ConsistencyError("data", len().value(), this.data.length);
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private VlqBase128Be len;
        private byte[] data;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent;
        public VlqBase128Be len() { return len; }
        public void setLen(VlqBase128Be _v) { _dirty = true; len = _v; }
        public byte[] data() { return data; }
        public void setData(byte[] _v) { _dirty = true; data = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvent _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class Track extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static Track fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new Track(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public Track() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public Track(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public Track(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public Track(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.magic = this._io.readBytes(4);
            if (!(Arrays.equals(this.magic, new byte[] { 77, 84, 114, 107 }))) {
                throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 77, 84, 114, 107 }, this.magic, this._io, "/types/track/seq/0");
            }
            this.lenEvents = this._io.readU4be();
            this._raw_events = this._io.readBytes(lenEvents());
            KaitaiStream _io__raw_events = new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(this._raw_events);
            this.events = new TrackEvents(_io__raw_events, this, _root);
            this.events._read();
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
            this.events._fetchInstances();
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this._io.writeBytes(this.magic);
            this._io.writeU4be(this.lenEvents);
            final KaitaiStream _io__raw_events = new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(lenEvents());
            this._io.addChildStream(_io__raw_events);
            {
                long _pos2 = this._io.pos();
                this._io.seek(this._io.pos() + (lenEvents()));
                final Track _this = this;
                _io__raw_events.setWriteBackHandler(new KaitaiStream.WriteBackHandler(_pos2) {
                    @Override
                    protected void write(KaitaiStream parent) {
                        _this._raw_events = _io__raw_events.toByteArray();
                        if (_this._raw_events.length != lenEvents())
                            throw new ConsistencyError("raw(events)", lenEvents(), _this._raw_events.length);
                        parent.writeBytes(_this._raw_events);
                    }
                });
            }
            this.events._write_Seq(_io__raw_events);
        }

        public void _check() {
            if (this.magic.length != 4)
                throw new ConsistencyError("magic", 4, this.magic.length);
            if (!(Arrays.equals(this.magic, new byte[] { 77, 84, 114, 107 }))) {
                throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 77, 84, 114, 107 }, this.magic, null, "/types/track/seq/0");
            }
            if (!Objects.equals(this.events._root(), _root()))
                throw new ConsistencyError("events", _root(), this.events._root());
            if (!Objects.equals(this.events._parent(), this))
                throw new ConsistencyError("events", this, this.events._parent());
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private byte[] magic;
        private long lenEvents;
        private TrackEvents events;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile _parent;
        private byte[] _raw_events;
        public byte[] magic() { return magic; }
        public void setMagic(byte[] _v) { _dirty = true; magic = _v; }
        public long lenEvents() { return lenEvents; }
        public void setLenEvents(long _v) { _dirty = true; lenEvents = _v; }
        public TrackEvents events() { return events; }
        public void setEvents(TrackEvents _v) { _dirty = true; events = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
        public byte[] _raw_events() { return _raw_events; }
        public void set_raw_Events(byte[] _v) { _dirty = true; _raw_events = _v; }
    }
    public static class TrackEvent extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static TrackEvent fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new TrackEvent(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public TrackEvent() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public TrackEvent(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public TrackEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvents _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public TrackEvent(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.TrackEvents _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.vTime = new VlqBase128Be(this._io);
            this.vTime._read();
            this.eventHeader = this._io.readU1();
            if (eventHeader() == 255) {
                this.metaEventBody = new MetaEventBody(this._io, this, _root);
                this.metaEventBody._read();
            }
            if (eventHeader() == 240) {
                this.sysexBody = new SysexEventBody(this._io, this, _root);
                this.sysexBody._read();
            }
            switch (eventType()) {
            case 128: {
                this.eventBody = new NoteOffEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            case 144: {
                this.eventBody = new NoteOnEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            case 160: {
                this.eventBody = new PolyphonicPressureEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            case 176: {
                this.eventBody = new ControllerEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            case 192: {
                this.eventBody = new ProgramChangeEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            case 208: {
                this.eventBody = new ChannelPressureEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            case 224: {
                this.eventBody = new PitchBendEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                ((PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._read();
                break;
            }
            }
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
            this.vTime._fetchInstances();
            if (eventHeader() == 255) {
                this.metaEventBody._fetchInstances();
            }
            if (eventHeader() == 240) {
                this.sysexBody._fetchInstances();
            }
            switch (eventType()) {
            case 128: {
                ((NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            case 144: {
                ((NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            case 160: {
                ((PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            case 176: {
                ((ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            case 192: {
                ((ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            case 208: {
                ((ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            case 224: {
                ((PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._fetchInstances();
                break;
            }
            }
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            this.vTime._write_Seq(this._io);
            this._io.writeU1(this.eventHeader);
            if (eventHeader() == 255) {
                this.metaEventBody._write_Seq(this._io);
            }
            if (eventHeader() == 240) {
                this.sysexBody._write_Seq(this._io);
            }
            switch (eventType()) {
            case 128: {
                ((NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            case 144: {
                ((NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            case 160: {
                ((PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            case 176: {
                ((ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            case 192: {
                ((ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            case 208: {
                ((ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            case 224: {
                ((PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._write_Seq(this._io);
                break;
            }
            }
        }

        public void _check() {
            if (eventHeader() == 255) {
                if (!Objects.equals(this.metaEventBody._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("meta_event_body", _root(), this.metaEventBody._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(this.metaEventBody._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("meta_event_body", this, this.metaEventBody._parent());
            }
            if (eventHeader() == 240) {
                if (!Objects.equals(this.sysexBody._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("sysex_body", _root(), this.sysexBody._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(this.sysexBody._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("sysex_body", this, this.sysexBody._parent());
            }
            switch (eventType()) {
            case 128: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.NoteOffEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            case 144: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.NoteOnEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            case 160: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.PolyphonicPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            case 176: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.ControllerEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            case 192: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.ProgramChangeEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            case 208: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.ChannelPressureEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            case 224: {
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", _root(), ((StandardMidiFile.PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(((StandardMidiFile.PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event_body", this, ((StandardMidiFile.PitchBendEvent) (this.eventBody))._parent());
                break;
            }
            }
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private Integer channel;
        public Integer channel() {
            if (this.channel != null)
                return this.channel;
            if (eventType() != 240) {
                this.channel = ((Number) (eventHeader() & 15)).intValue();
            }
            return this.channel;
        }
        public void _invalidateChannel() { this.channel = null; }
        private Integer eventType;
        public Integer eventType() {
            if (this.eventType != null)
                return this.eventType;
            this.eventType = ((Number) (eventHeader() & 240)).intValue();
            return this.eventType;
        }
        public void _invalidateEventType() { this.eventType = null; }
        private VlqBase128Be vTime;
        private int eventHeader;
        private MetaEventBody metaEventBody;
        private SysexEventBody sysexBody;
        private KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite eventBody;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.TrackEvents _parent;
        public VlqBase128Be vTime() { return vTime; }
        public void setVTime(VlqBase128Be _v) { _dirty = true; vTime = _v; }
        public int eventHeader() { return eventHeader; }
        public void setEventHeader(int _v) { _dirty = true; eventHeader = _v; }
        public MetaEventBody metaEventBody() { return metaEventBody; }
        public void setMetaEventBody(MetaEventBody _v) { _dirty = true; metaEventBody = _v; }
        public SysexEventBody sysexBody() { return sysexBody; }
        public void setSysexBody(SysexEventBody _v) { _dirty = true; sysexBody = _v; }
        public KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite eventBody() { return eventBody; }
        public void setEventBody(KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite _v) { _dirty = true; eventBody = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.TrackEvents _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.TrackEvents _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    public static class TrackEvents extends KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite {
        public static TrackEvents fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
            return new TrackEvents(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
        }
        public TrackEvents() {
            this(null, null, null);
        }

        public TrackEvents(KaitaiStream _io) {
            this(_io, null, null);
        }

        public TrackEvents(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.Track _parent) {
            this(_io, _parent, null);
        }

        public TrackEvents(KaitaiStream _io, StandardMidiFile.Track _parent, StandardMidiFile _root) {
            super(_io);
            this._parent = _parent;
            this._root = _root;
        }
        public void _read() {
            this.event = new ArrayList<TrackEvent>();
            {
                int i = 0;
                while (!this._io.isEof()) {
                    TrackEvent _t_event = new TrackEvent(this._io, this, _root);
                    try {
                        _t_event._read();
                    } finally {
                        this.event.add(_t_event);
                    }
                    i++;
                }
            }
            _dirty = false;
        }

        public void _fetchInstances() {
            for (int i = 0; i < this.event.size(); i++) {
                this.event.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._fetchInstances();
            }
        }

        public void _write_Seq() {
            _assertNotDirty();
            for (int i = 0; i < this.event.size(); i++) {
                if (this._io.isEof())
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event", 0, this._io.size() - this._io.pos());
                this.event.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._write_Seq(this._io);
            }
            if (!(this._io.isEof()))
                throw new ConsistencyError("event", 0, this._io.size() - this._io.pos());
        }

        public void _check() {
            for (int i = 0; i < this.event.size(); i++) {
                if (!Objects.equals(this.event.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._root(), _root()))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event", _root(), this.event.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._root());
                if (!Objects.equals(this.event.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._parent(), this))
                    throw new ConsistencyError("event", this, this.event.get(((Number) (i)).intValue())._parent());
            }
            _dirty = false;
        }
        private List<TrackEvent> event;
        private StandardMidiFile _root;
        private StandardMidiFile.Track _parent;
        public List<TrackEvent> event() { return event; }
        public void setEvent(List<TrackEvent> _v) { _dirty = true; event = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
        public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
        public StandardMidiFile.Track _parent() { return _parent; }
        public void set_parent(StandardMidiFile.Track _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
    }
    private Header hdr;
    private List<Track> tracks;
    private StandardMidiFile _root;
    private KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite _parent;
    public Header hdr() { return hdr; }
    public void setHdr(Header _v) { _dirty = true; hdr = _v; }
    public List<Track> tracks() { return tracks; }
    public void setTracks(List<Track> _v) { _dirty = true; tracks = _v; }
    public StandardMidiFile _root() { return _root; }
    public void set_root(StandardMidiFile _v) { _dirty = true; _root = _v; }
    public KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite _parent() { return _parent; }
    public void set_parent(KaitaiStruct.ReadWrite _v) { _dirty = true; _parent = _v; }
}