TAP files are used by emulators of ZX Spectrum computer (released in 1982 by Sinclair Research). TAP file stores blocks of data as if they are written to magnetic tape, which was used as primary media for ZX Spectrum. Contents of this file can be viewed as a very simple linear filesystem, storing named files with some basic metainformation prepended as a header.
This page hosts a formal specification of ZX Spectrum tape file using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for Java generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Java runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The Java runtime library is published in the Maven Central Repository. Refer to the artifact page for instructions how to add it into your project with the build tool that you use.
Parse a local file and get structure in memory:
ZxSpectrumTap data = ZxSpectrumTap.fromFile("path/to/local/file.tap");
Or parse structure from a byte array:
byte[] someArray = new byte[] { ... };
ZxSpectrumTap data = new ZxSpectrumTap(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(someArray));
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:
data.blocks() // => get blocks
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
import io.kaitai.struct.ByteBufferKaitaiStream;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStruct;
import io.kaitai.struct.KaitaiStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* TAP files are used by emulators of ZX Spectrum computer (released in
* 1982 by Sinclair Research). TAP file stores blocks of data as if
* they are written to magnetic tape, which was used as primary media
* for ZX Spectrum. Contents of this file can be viewed as a very
* simple linear filesystem, storing named files with some basic
* metainformation prepended as a header.
* @see <a href="https://sinclair.wiki.zxnet.co.uk/wiki/TAP_format">Source</a>
*/
public class ZxSpectrumTap extends KaitaiStruct {
public static ZxSpectrumTap fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new ZxSpectrumTap(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public enum FlagEnum {
HEADER(0),
DATA(255);
private final long id;
FlagEnum(long id) { this.id = id; }
public long id() { return id; }
private static final Map<Long, FlagEnum> byId = new HashMap<Long, FlagEnum>(2);
static {
for (FlagEnum e : FlagEnum.values())
byId.put(e.id(), e);
}
public static FlagEnum byId(long id) { return byId.get(id); }
}
public enum HeaderTypeEnum {
PROGRAM(0),
NUM_ARRAY(1),
CHAR_ARRAY(2),
BYTES(3);
private final long id;
HeaderTypeEnum(long id) { this.id = id; }
public long id() { return id; }
private static final Map<Long, HeaderTypeEnum> byId = new HashMap<Long, HeaderTypeEnum>(4);
static {
for (HeaderTypeEnum e : HeaderTypeEnum.values())
byId.put(e.id(), e);
}
public static HeaderTypeEnum byId(long id) { return byId.get(id); }
}
public ZxSpectrumTap(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public ZxSpectrumTap(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public ZxSpectrumTap(KaitaiStream _io, KaitaiStruct _parent, ZxSpectrumTap _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root == null ? this : _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.blocks = new ArrayList<Block>();
{
int i = 0;
while (!this._io.isEof()) {
this.blocks.add(new Block(this._io, this, _root));
i++;
}
}
}
public static class Block extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Block fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Block(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Block(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Block(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Block(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap _parent, ZxSpectrumTap _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.lenBlock = this._io.readU2le();
this.flag = ZxSpectrumTap.FlagEnum.byId(this._io.readU1());
if ( ((lenBlock() == 19) && (flag() == ZxSpectrumTap.FlagEnum.HEADER)) ) {
this.header = new Header(this._io, this, _root);
}
if (lenBlock() == 19) {
this.data = this._io.readBytes((header().lenData() + 4));
}
if (flag() == ZxSpectrumTap.FlagEnum.DATA) {
this.headerlessData = this._io.readBytes((lenBlock() - 1));
}
}
private int lenBlock;
private FlagEnum flag;
private Header header;
private byte[] data;
private byte[] headerlessData;
private ZxSpectrumTap _root;
private ZxSpectrumTap _parent;
public int lenBlock() { return lenBlock; }
public FlagEnum flag() { return flag; }
public Header header() { return header; }
public byte[] data() { return data; }
public byte[] headerlessData() { return headerlessData; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _root() { return _root; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class ProgramParams extends KaitaiStruct {
public static ProgramParams fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new ProgramParams(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public ProgramParams(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public ProgramParams(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public ProgramParams(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent, ZxSpectrumTap _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.autostartLine = this._io.readU2le();
this.lenProgram = this._io.readU2le();
}
private int autostartLine;
private int lenProgram;
private ZxSpectrumTap _root;
private ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent;
public int autostartLine() { return autostartLine; }
public int lenProgram() { return lenProgram; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _root() { return _root; }
public ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class BytesParams extends KaitaiStruct {
public static BytesParams fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new BytesParams(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public BytesParams(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public BytesParams(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public BytesParams(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent, ZxSpectrumTap _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.startAddress = this._io.readU2le();
this.reserved = this._io.readBytes(2);
}
private int startAddress;
private byte[] reserved;
private ZxSpectrumTap _root;
private ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent;
public int startAddress() { return startAddress; }
public byte[] reserved() { return reserved; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _root() { return _root; }
public ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class Header extends KaitaiStruct {
public static Header fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new Header(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Header(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public Header(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Block _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public Header(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Block _parent, ZxSpectrumTap _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.headerType = ZxSpectrumTap.HeaderTypeEnum.byId(this._io.readU1());
this.filename = KaitaiStream.bytesStripRight(this._io.readBytes(10), (byte) 32);
this.lenData = this._io.readU2le();
{
HeaderTypeEnum on = headerType();
if (on != null) {
switch (headerType()) {
case PROGRAM: {
this.params = new ProgramParams(this._io, this, _root);
break;
}
case NUM_ARRAY: {
this.params = new ArrayParams(this._io, this, _root);
break;
}
case CHAR_ARRAY: {
this.params = new ArrayParams(this._io, this, _root);
break;
}
case BYTES: {
this.params = new BytesParams(this._io, this, _root);
break;
}
}
}
}
this.checksum = this._io.readU1();
}
private HeaderTypeEnum headerType;
private byte[] filename;
private int lenData;
private KaitaiStruct params;
private int checksum;
private ZxSpectrumTap _root;
private ZxSpectrumTap.Block _parent;
public HeaderTypeEnum headerType() { return headerType; }
public byte[] filename() { return filename; }
public int lenData() { return lenData; }
public KaitaiStruct params() { return params; }
/**
* Bitwise XOR of all bytes including the flag byte
*/
public int checksum() { return checksum; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _root() { return _root; }
public ZxSpectrumTap.Block _parent() { return _parent; }
}
public static class ArrayParams extends KaitaiStruct {
public static ArrayParams fromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
return new ArrayParams(new ByteBufferKaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public ArrayParams(KaitaiStream _io) {
this(_io, null, null);
}
public ArrayParams(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent) {
this(_io, _parent, null);
}
public ArrayParams(KaitaiStream _io, ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent, ZxSpectrumTap _root) {
super(_io);
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root;
_read();
}
private void _read() {
this.reserved = this._io.readU1();
this.varName = this._io.readU1();
this.reserved1 = this._io.readBytes(2);
if (!(Arrays.equals(reserved1(), new byte[] { 0, -128 }))) {
throw new KaitaiStream.ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 0, -128 }, reserved1(), _io(), "/types/array_params/seq/2");
}
}
private int reserved;
private int varName;
private byte[] reserved1;
private ZxSpectrumTap _root;
private ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent;
public int reserved() { return reserved; }
/**
* Variable name (1..26 meaning A$..Z$ +192)
*/
public int varName() { return varName; }
public byte[] reserved1() { return reserved1; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _root() { return _root; }
public ZxSpectrumTap.Header _parent() { return _parent; }
}
private ArrayList<Block> blocks;
private ZxSpectrumTap _root;
private KaitaiStruct _parent;
public ArrayList<Block> blocks() { return blocks; }
public ZxSpectrumTap _root() { return _root; }
public KaitaiStruct _parent() { return _parent; }
}