TAP files are used by emulators of ZX Spectrum computer (released in 1982 by Sinclair Research). TAP file stores blocks of data as if they are written to magnetic tape, which was used as primary media for ZX Spectrum. Contents of this file can be viewed as a very simple linear filesystem, storing named files with some basic metainformation prepended as a header.
This page hosts a formal specification of ZX Spectrum tape file using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
<?php
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
/**
* TAP files are used by emulators of ZX Spectrum computer (released in
* 1982 by Sinclair Research). TAP file stores blocks of data as if
* they are written to magnetic tape, which was used as primary media
* for ZX Spectrum. Contents of this file can be viewed as a very
* simple linear filesystem, storing named files with some basic
* metainformation prepended as a header.
*/
namespace {
class ZxSpectrumTap extends \Kaitai\Struct\Struct {
public function __construct(\Kaitai\Struct\Stream $_io, \Kaitai\Struct\Struct $_parent = null, \ZxSpectrumTap $_root = null) {
parent::__construct($_io, $_parent, $_root);
$this->_read();
}
private function _read() {
$this->_m_blocks = [];
$i = 0;
while (!$this->_io->isEof()) {
$this->_m_blocks[] = new \ZxSpectrumTap\Block($this->_io, $this, $this->_root);
$i++;
}
}
protected $_m_blocks;
public function blocks() { return $this->_m_blocks; }
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class Block extends \Kaitai\Struct\Struct {
public function __construct(\Kaitai\Struct\Stream $_io, \ZxSpectrumTap $_parent = null, \ZxSpectrumTap $_root = null) {
parent::__construct($_io, $_parent, $_root);
$this->_read();
}
private function _read() {
$this->_m_lenBlock = $this->_io->readU2le();
$this->_m_flag = $this->_io->readU1();
if ( (($this->lenBlock() == 19) && ($this->flag() == \ZxSpectrumTap\FlagEnum::HEADER)) ) {
$this->_m_header = new \ZxSpectrumTap\Header($this->_io, $this, $this->_root);
}
if ($this->lenBlock() == 19) {
$this->_m_data = $this->_io->readBytes(($this->header()->lenData() + 4));
}
if ($this->flag() == \ZxSpectrumTap\FlagEnum::DATA) {
$this->_m_headerlessData = $this->_io->readBytes(($this->lenBlock() - 1));
}
}
protected $_m_lenBlock;
protected $_m_flag;
protected $_m_header;
protected $_m_data;
protected $_m_headerlessData;
public function lenBlock() { return $this->_m_lenBlock; }
public function flag() { return $this->_m_flag; }
public function header() { return $this->_m_header; }
public function data() { return $this->_m_data; }
public function headerlessData() { return $this->_m_headerlessData; }
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class ProgramParams extends \Kaitai\Struct\Struct {
public function __construct(\Kaitai\Struct\Stream $_io, \ZxSpectrumTap\Header $_parent = null, \ZxSpectrumTap $_root = null) {
parent::__construct($_io, $_parent, $_root);
$this->_read();
}
private function _read() {
$this->_m_autostartLine = $this->_io->readU2le();
$this->_m_lenProgram = $this->_io->readU2le();
}
protected $_m_autostartLine;
protected $_m_lenProgram;
public function autostartLine() { return $this->_m_autostartLine; }
public function lenProgram() { return $this->_m_lenProgram; }
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class BytesParams extends \Kaitai\Struct\Struct {
public function __construct(\Kaitai\Struct\Stream $_io, \ZxSpectrumTap\Header $_parent = null, \ZxSpectrumTap $_root = null) {
parent::__construct($_io, $_parent, $_root);
$this->_read();
}
private function _read() {
$this->_m_startAddress = $this->_io->readU2le();
$this->_m_reserved = $this->_io->readBytes(2);
}
protected $_m_startAddress;
protected $_m_reserved;
public function startAddress() { return $this->_m_startAddress; }
public function reserved() { return $this->_m_reserved; }
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class Header extends \Kaitai\Struct\Struct {
public function __construct(\Kaitai\Struct\Stream $_io, \ZxSpectrumTap\Block $_parent = null, \ZxSpectrumTap $_root = null) {
parent::__construct($_io, $_parent, $_root);
$this->_read();
}
private function _read() {
$this->_m_headerType = $this->_io->readU1();
$this->_m_filename = \Kaitai\Struct\Stream::bytesStripRight($this->_io->readBytes(10), 32);
$this->_m_lenData = $this->_io->readU2le();
switch ($this->headerType()) {
case \ZxSpectrumTap\HeaderTypeEnum::PROGRAM:
$this->_m_params = new \ZxSpectrumTap\ProgramParams($this->_io, $this, $this->_root);
break;
case \ZxSpectrumTap\HeaderTypeEnum::NUM_ARRAY:
$this->_m_params = new \ZxSpectrumTap\ArrayParams($this->_io, $this, $this->_root);
break;
case \ZxSpectrumTap\HeaderTypeEnum::CHAR_ARRAY:
$this->_m_params = new \ZxSpectrumTap\ArrayParams($this->_io, $this, $this->_root);
break;
case \ZxSpectrumTap\HeaderTypeEnum::BYTES:
$this->_m_params = new \ZxSpectrumTap\BytesParams($this->_io, $this, $this->_root);
break;
}
$this->_m_checksum = $this->_io->readU1();
}
protected $_m_headerType;
protected $_m_filename;
protected $_m_lenData;
protected $_m_params;
protected $_m_checksum;
public function headerType() { return $this->_m_headerType; }
public function filename() { return $this->_m_filename; }
public function lenData() { return $this->_m_lenData; }
public function params() { return $this->_m_params; }
/**
* Bitwise XOR of all bytes including the flag byte
*/
public function checksum() { return $this->_m_checksum; }
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class ArrayParams extends \Kaitai\Struct\Struct {
public function __construct(\Kaitai\Struct\Stream $_io, \ZxSpectrumTap\Header $_parent = null, \ZxSpectrumTap $_root = null) {
parent::__construct($_io, $_parent, $_root);
$this->_read();
}
private function _read() {
$this->_m_reserved = $this->_io->readU1();
$this->_m_varName = $this->_io->readU1();
$this->_m_reserved1 = $this->_io->readBytes(2);
if (!($this->reserved1() == "\x00\x80")) {
throw new \Kaitai\Struct\Error\ValidationNotEqualError("\x00\x80", $this->reserved1(), $this->_io(), "/types/array_params/seq/2");
}
}
protected $_m_reserved;
protected $_m_varName;
protected $_m_reserved1;
public function reserved() { return $this->_m_reserved; }
/**
* Variable name (1..26 meaning A$..Z$ +192)
*/
public function varName() { return $this->_m_varName; }
public function reserved1() { return $this->_m_reserved1; }
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class FlagEnum {
const HEADER = 0;
const DATA = 255;
}
}
namespace ZxSpectrumTap {
class HeaderTypeEnum {
const PROGRAM = 0;
const NUM_ARRAY = 1;
const CHAR_ARRAY = 2;
const BYTES = 3;
}
}