TR-DOS flat-file disk image: Ruby parsing library

.trd file is a raw dump of TR-DOS (ZX-Spectrum) floppy. .trd files are headerless and contain consequent "logical tracks", each logical track consists of 16 256-byte sectors.

Logical tracks are defined the same way as used by TR-DOS: for single-side floppies it's just a physical track number, for two-side floppies sides are interleaved, i.e. logical_track_num = (physical_track_num << 1) | side

So, this format definition is more for TR-DOS filesystem than for .trd files, which are formatless.

Strings (file names, disk label, disk password) are padded with spaces and use ZX Spectrum character set, including UDGs, block drawing chars and Basic tokens. ASCII range is mostly standard ASCII, with few characters (^, `, DEL) replaced with (up arrow, pound, copyright symbol).

.trd file can be smaller than actual floppy disk, if last logical tracks are empty (contain no file data) they can be omitted.

File extension

trd

KS implementation details

License: CC0-1.0

References

This page hosts a formal specification of TR-DOS flat-file disk image using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.

Usage

Runtime library

All parsing code for Ruby generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Ruby runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.

The Ruby runtime library can be installed from RubyGems:

gem install kaitai-struct

Code

Parse a local file and get structure in memory:

data = TrDosImage.from_file("path/to/local/file.trd")

Or parse structure from a string of bytes:

bytes = "\x00\x01\x02..."
data = TrDosImage.new(Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(bytes))

After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:

data.files # => get files

Ruby source code to parse TR-DOS flat-file disk image

tr_dos_image.rb

# This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild

require 'kaitai/struct/struct'

unless Gem::Version.new(Kaitai::Struct::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new('0.9')
  raise "Incompatible Kaitai Struct Ruby API: 0.9 or later is required, but you have #{Kaitai::Struct::VERSION}"
end


##
# .trd file is a raw dump of TR-DOS (ZX-Spectrum) floppy. .trd files are
# headerless and contain consequent "logical tracks", each logical track
# consists of 16 256-byte sectors.
# 
# Logical tracks are defined the same way as used by TR-DOS: for single-side
# floppies it's just a physical track number, for two-side floppies sides are
# interleaved, i.e. logical_track_num = (physical_track_num << 1) | side
# 
# So, this format definition is more for TR-DOS filesystem than for .trd files,
# which are formatless.
# 
# Strings (file names, disk label, disk password) are padded with spaces and use
# ZX Spectrum character set, including UDGs, block drawing chars and Basic
# tokens. ASCII range is mostly standard ASCII, with few characters (^, `, DEL)
# replaced with (up arrow, pound, copyright symbol).
# 
# .trd file can be smaller than actual floppy disk, if last logical tracks are
# empty (contain no file data) they can be omitted.
class TrDosImage < Kaitai::Struct::Struct

  DISK_TYPE = {
    22 => :disk_type_type_80_tracks_double_side,
    23 => :disk_type_type_40_tracks_double_side,
    24 => :disk_type_type_80_tracks_single_side,
    25 => :disk_type_type_40_tracks_single_side,
  }
  I__DISK_TYPE = DISK_TYPE.invert
  def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
    super(_io, _parent, _root)
    _read
  end

  def _read
    @files = []
    i = 0
    begin
      _ = File.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      @files << _
      i += 1
    end until _.is_terminator
    self
  end
  class VolumeInfo < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @catalog_end = @_io.read_bytes(1)
      raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([0].pack('C*'), catalog_end, _io, "/types/volume_info/seq/0") if not catalog_end == [0].pack('C*')
      @unused = @_io.read_bytes(224)
      @first_free_sector_sector = @_io.read_u1
      @first_free_sector_track = @_io.read_u1
      @disk_type = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::resolve_enum(TrDosImage::DISK_TYPE, @_io.read_u1)
      @num_files = @_io.read_u1
      @num_free_sectors = @_io.read_u2le
      @tr_dos_id = @_io.read_bytes(1)
      raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([16].pack('C*'), tr_dos_id, _io, "/types/volume_info/seq/7") if not tr_dos_id == [16].pack('C*')
      @unused_2 = @_io.read_bytes(2)
      @password = @_io.read_bytes(9)
      @unused_3 = @_io.read_bytes(1)
      @num_deleted_files = @_io.read_u1
      @label = @_io.read_bytes(8)
      @unused_4 = @_io.read_bytes(3)
      self
    end
    def num_tracks
      return @num_tracks unless @num_tracks.nil?
      @num_tracks = ((TrDosImage::I__DISK_TYPE[disk_type] & 1) != 0 ? 40 : 80)
      @num_tracks
    end
    def num_sides
      return @num_sides unless @num_sides.nil?
      @num_sides = ((TrDosImage::I__DISK_TYPE[disk_type] & 8) != 0 ? 1 : 2)
      @num_sides
    end
    attr_reader :catalog_end
    attr_reader :unused
    attr_reader :first_free_sector_sector

    ##
    # track number is logical, for double-sided disks it's
    # (physical_track << 1) | side, the same way that tracks are stored
    # sequentially in .trd file
    attr_reader :first_free_sector_track
    attr_reader :disk_type

    ##
    # Number of non-deleted files. Directory can have more than
    # number_of_files entries due to deleted files
    attr_reader :num_files
    attr_reader :num_free_sectors
    attr_reader :tr_dos_id
    attr_reader :unused_2
    attr_reader :password
    attr_reader :unused_3
    attr_reader :num_deleted_files
    attr_reader :label
    attr_reader :unused_4
  end
  class PositionAndLengthCode < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @start_address = @_io.read_u2le
      @length = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end

    ##
    # Default memory address to load this byte array into
    attr_reader :start_address
    attr_reader :length
  end
  class Filename < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @name = @_io.read_bytes(8)
      self
    end
    def first_byte
      return @first_byte unless @first_byte.nil?
      _pos = @_io.pos
      @_io.seek(0)
      @first_byte = @_io.read_u1
      @_io.seek(_pos)
      @first_byte
    end
    attr_reader :name
  end
  class PositionAndLengthPrint < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @extent_no = @_io.read_u1
      @reserved = @_io.read_u1
      @length = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end
    attr_reader :extent_no
    attr_reader :reserved
    attr_reader :length
  end
  class PositionAndLengthGeneric < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @reserved = @_io.read_u2le
      @length = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end
    attr_reader :reserved
    attr_reader :length
  end
  class PositionAndLengthBasic < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @program_and_data_length = @_io.read_u2le
      @program_length = @_io.read_u2le
      self
    end
    attr_reader :program_and_data_length
    attr_reader :program_length
  end
  class File < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
    def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
      super(_io, _parent, _root)
      _read
    end

    def _read
      @_raw_name = @_io.read_bytes(8)
      _io__raw_name = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_name)
      @name = Filename.new(_io__raw_name, self, @_root)
      @extension = @_io.read_u1
      case extension
      when 66
        @position_and_length = PositionAndLengthBasic.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      when 67
        @position_and_length = PositionAndLengthCode.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      when 35
        @position_and_length = PositionAndLengthPrint.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      else
        @position_and_length = PositionAndLengthGeneric.new(@_io, self, @_root)
      end
      @length_sectors = @_io.read_u1
      @starting_sector = @_io.read_u1
      @starting_track = @_io.read_u1
      self
    end
    def is_deleted
      return @is_deleted unless @is_deleted.nil?
      @is_deleted = name.first_byte == 1
      @is_deleted
    end
    def is_terminator
      return @is_terminator unless @is_terminator.nil?
      @is_terminator = name.first_byte == 0
      @is_terminator
    end
    def contents
      return @contents unless @contents.nil?
      _pos = @_io.pos
      @_io.seek((((starting_track * 256) * 16) + (starting_sector * 256)))
      @contents = @_io.read_bytes((length_sectors * 256))
      @_io.seek(_pos)
      @contents
    end
    attr_reader :name
    attr_reader :extension
    attr_reader :position_and_length
    attr_reader :length_sectors
    attr_reader :starting_sector
    attr_reader :starting_track
    attr_reader :_raw_name
  end
  def volume_info
    return @volume_info unless @volume_info.nil?
    _pos = @_io.pos
    @_io.seek(2048)
    @volume_info = VolumeInfo.new(@_io, self, @_root)
    @_io.seek(_pos)
    @volume_info
  end
  attr_reader :files
end