BCD (Binary Coded Decimals) is a common way to encode integer numbers in a way that makes human-readable output somewhat simpler. In this encoding scheme, every decimal digit is encoded as either a single byte (8 bits), or a nibble (half of a byte, 4 bits). This obviously wastes a lot of bits, but it makes translation into human-readable string much easier than traditional binary-to-decimal conversion process, which includes lots of divisions by 10.
For example, encoding integer 31337 in 8-digit, 8 bits per digit, big endian order of digits BCD format yields
00 00 00 03 01 03 03 07
Encoding the same integer as 8-digit, 4 bits per digit, little endian order BCD format would yield:
73 31 30 00
Using this type of encoding in Kaitai Struct is pretty
straightforward: one calls for this type, specifying desired
encoding parameters, and gets result using either as_int or
as_str attributes.
This page hosts a formal specification of BCD (Binary Coded Decimals) using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for JavaScript generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the JavaScript runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The JavaScript runtime library is available at npm:
npm install kaitai-structSee the usage examples in the JavaScript notes.
Parse structure from an ArrayBuffer:
var arrayBuffer = ...;
var data = new Bcd(new KaitaiStream(arrayBuffer));
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by accessing fields or properties like:
data.asInt // => Value of this BCD number as integer. Endianness would be selected based on `is_le` parameter given.
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
(function (root, factory) {
if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
define(['kaitai-struct/KaitaiStream'], factory);
} else if (typeof module === 'object' && module.exports) {
module.exports = factory(require('kaitai-struct/KaitaiStream'));
} else {
root.Bcd = factory(root.KaitaiStream);
}
}(typeof self !== 'undefined' ? self : this, function (KaitaiStream) {
/**
* BCD (Binary Coded Decimals) is a common way to encode integer
* numbers in a way that makes human-readable output somewhat
* simpler. In this encoding scheme, every decimal digit is encoded as
* either a single byte (8 bits), or a nibble (half of a byte, 4
* bits). This obviously wastes a lot of bits, but it makes translation
* into human-readable string much easier than traditional
* binary-to-decimal conversion process, which includes lots of
* divisions by 10.
*
* For example, encoding integer 31337 in 8-digit, 8 bits per digit,
* big endian order of digits BCD format yields
*
* ```
* 00 00 00 03 01 03 03 07
* ```
*
* Encoding the same integer as 8-digit, 4 bits per digit, little
* endian order BCD format would yield:
*
* ```
* 73 31 30 00
* ```
*
* Using this type of encoding in Kaitai Struct is pretty
* straightforward: one calls for this type, specifying desired
* encoding parameters, and gets result using either `as_int` or
* `as_str` attributes.
*/
var Bcd = (function() {
function Bcd(_io, _parent, _root, numDigits, bitsPerDigit, isLe) {
this._io = _io;
this._parent = _parent;
this._root = _root || this;
this.numDigits = numDigits;
this.bitsPerDigit = bitsPerDigit;
this.isLe = isLe;
this._read();
}
Bcd.prototype._read = function() {
this.digits = [];
for (var i = 0; i < this.numDigits; i++) {
switch (this.bitsPerDigit) {
case 4:
this.digits.push(this._io.readBitsIntBe(4));
break;
case 8:
this.digits.push(this._io.readU1());
break;
}
}
}
/**
* Value of this BCD number as integer. Endianness would be selected based on `is_le` parameter given.
*/
Object.defineProperty(Bcd.prototype, 'asInt', {
get: function() {
if (this._m_asInt !== undefined)
return this._m_asInt;
this._m_asInt = (this.isLe ? this.asIntLe : this.asIntBe);
return this._m_asInt;
}
});
/**
* Value of this BCD number as integer (treating digit order as little-endian).
*/
Object.defineProperty(Bcd.prototype, 'asIntLe', {
get: function() {
if (this._m_asIntLe !== undefined)
return this._m_asIntLe;
this._m_asIntLe = (this.digits[0] + (this.numDigits < 2 ? 0 : ((this.digits[1] * 10) + (this.numDigits < 3 ? 0 : ((this.digits[2] * 100) + (this.numDigits < 4 ? 0 : ((this.digits[3] * 1000) + (this.numDigits < 5 ? 0 : ((this.digits[4] * 10000) + (this.numDigits < 6 ? 0 : ((this.digits[5] * 100000) + (this.numDigits < 7 ? 0 : ((this.digits[6] * 1000000) + (this.numDigits < 8 ? 0 : (this.digits[7] * 10000000)))))))))))))));
return this._m_asIntLe;
}
});
/**
* Index of last digit (0-based).
*/
Object.defineProperty(Bcd.prototype, 'lastIdx', {
get: function() {
if (this._m_lastIdx !== undefined)
return this._m_lastIdx;
this._m_lastIdx = (this.numDigits - 1);
return this._m_lastIdx;
}
});
/**
* Value of this BCD number as integer (treating digit order as big-endian).
*/
Object.defineProperty(Bcd.prototype, 'asIntBe', {
get: function() {
if (this._m_asIntBe !== undefined)
return this._m_asIntBe;
this._m_asIntBe = (this.digits[this.lastIdx] + (this.numDigits < 2 ? 0 : ((this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 1)] * 10) + (this.numDigits < 3 ? 0 : ((this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 2)] * 100) + (this.numDigits < 4 ? 0 : ((this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 3)] * 1000) + (this.numDigits < 5 ? 0 : ((this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 4)] * 10000) + (this.numDigits < 6 ? 0 : ((this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 5)] * 100000) + (this.numDigits < 7 ? 0 : ((this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 6)] * 1000000) + (this.numDigits < 8 ? 0 : (this.digits[(this.lastIdx - 7)] * 10000000)))))))))))))));
return this._m_asIntBe;
}
});
/**
* Number of digits in this BCD representation. Only values from 1 to 8 inclusive are supported.
*/
/**
* Number of bits per digit. Only values of 4 and 8 are supported.
*/
/**
* Endianness used by this BCD representation. True means little-endian, false is for big-endian.
*/
return Bcd;
})();
return Bcd;
}));