Also referred to as Devicetree Blob (DTB). It is a flat binary encoding of data (primarily devicetree data, although other data is possible as well). The data is internally stored as a tree of named nodes and properties. Nodes contain properties and child nodes, while properties are name-value pairs.
The Devicetree Blobs (.dtb files) are compiled from the Devicetree Source
files (.dts) through the Devicetree compiler (DTC).
On Linux systems that support this, the blobs can be accessed in
/sys/firmware/fdt:
The encoding of strings used in the strings_block and structure_block is
actually a subset of ASCII:
https://devicetree-specification.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3/devicetree-basics.html#node-names
Example files:
This page hosts a formal specification of Flattened Devicetree Format using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for C# generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the C# runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The C# runtime library is available in the NuGet Gallery. Installation instructions can also be found there.
Parse a local file and get structure in memory:
var data = Dtb.FromFile("path/to/local/file.dtb");
Or parse structure from a byte array:
byte[] someArray = new byte[] { ... };
var data = new Dtb(new KaitaiStream(someArray));
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by accessing properties like:
data.Magic // => get magic
// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace Kaitai
{
/// <summary>
/// Also referred to as Devicetree Blob (DTB). It is a flat binary encoding
/// of data (primarily devicetree data, although other data is possible as well).
/// The data is internally stored as a tree of named nodes and properties. Nodes
/// contain properties and child nodes, while properties are name-value pairs.
///
/// The Devicetree Blobs (`.dtb` files) are compiled from the Devicetree Source
/// files (`.dts`) through the Devicetree compiler (DTC).
///
/// On Linux systems that support this, the blobs can be accessed in
/// `/sys/firmware/fdt`:
///
/// * <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-firmware-ofw>
///
/// The encoding of strings used in the `strings_block` and `structure_block` is
/// actually a subset of ASCII:
///
/// <https://devicetree-specification.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3/devicetree-basics.html#node-names>
///
/// Example files:
///
/// * <https://github.com/qemu/qemu/tree/master/pc-bios>
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Reference: <a href="https://devicetree-specification.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3/flattened-format.html">Source</a>
/// </remarks>
/// <remarks>
/// Reference: <a href="https://elinux.org/images/f/f4/Elc2013_Fernandes.pdf">Source</a>
/// </remarks>
public partial class Dtb : KaitaiStruct
{
public static Dtb FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new Dtb(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public enum Fdt
{
BeginNode = 1,
EndNode = 2,
Prop = 3,
Nop = 4,
End = 9,
}
public Dtb(KaitaiStream p__io, KaitaiStruct p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root ?? this;
f_memoryReservationBlock = false;
f_structureBlock = false;
f_stringsBlock = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_magic = m_io.ReadBytes(4);
if (!((KaitaiStream.ByteArrayCompare(Magic, new byte[] { 208, 13, 254, 237 }) == 0)))
{
throw new ValidationNotEqualError(new byte[] { 208, 13, 254, 237 }, Magic, M_Io, "/seq/0");
}
_totalSize = m_io.ReadU4be();
_ofsStructureBlock = m_io.ReadU4be();
_ofsStringsBlock = m_io.ReadU4be();
_ofsMemoryReservationBlock = m_io.ReadU4be();
_version = m_io.ReadU4be();
_minCompatibleVersion = m_io.ReadU4be();
if (!(MinCompatibleVersion <= Version))
{
throw new ValidationGreaterThanError(Version, MinCompatibleVersion, M_Io, "/seq/6");
}
_bootCpuidPhys = m_io.ReadU4be();
_lenStringsBlock = m_io.ReadU4be();
_lenStructureBlock = m_io.ReadU4be();
}
public partial class MemoryBlock : KaitaiStruct
{
public static MemoryBlock FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new MemoryBlock(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public MemoryBlock(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_entries = new List<MemoryBlockEntry>();
{
var i = 0;
while (!m_io.IsEof) {
_entries.Add(new MemoryBlockEntry(m_io, this, m_root));
i++;
}
}
}
private List<MemoryBlockEntry> _entries;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb m_parent;
public List<MemoryBlockEntry> Entries { get { return _entries; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class FdtBlock : KaitaiStruct
{
public static FdtBlock FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new FdtBlock(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public FdtBlock(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_nodes = new List<FdtNode>();
{
var i = 0;
FdtNode M_;
do {
M_ = new FdtNode(m_io, this, m_root);
_nodes.Add(M_);
i++;
} while (!(M_.Type == Dtb.Fdt.End));
}
}
private List<FdtNode> _nodes;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb m_parent;
public List<FdtNode> Nodes { get { return _nodes; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class MemoryBlockEntry : KaitaiStruct
{
public static MemoryBlockEntry FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new MemoryBlockEntry(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public MemoryBlockEntry(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb.MemoryBlock p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_address = m_io.ReadU8be();
_size = m_io.ReadU8be();
}
private ulong _address;
private ulong _size;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb.MemoryBlock m_parent;
/// <summary>
/// physical address of a reserved memory region
/// </summary>
public ulong Address { get { return _address; } }
/// <summary>
/// size of a reserved memory region
/// </summary>
public ulong Size { get { return _size; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb.MemoryBlock M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class Strings : KaitaiStruct
{
public static Strings FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new Strings(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public Strings(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_strings = new List<string>();
{
var i = 0;
while (!m_io.IsEof) {
_strings.Add(System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ASCII").GetString(m_io.ReadBytesTerm(0, false, true, true)));
i++;
}
}
}
private List<string> _strings;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb m_parent;
public List<string> Strings { get { return _strings; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class FdtProp : KaitaiStruct
{
public static FdtProp FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new FdtProp(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public FdtProp(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb.FdtNode p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
f_name = false;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_lenProperty = m_io.ReadU4be();
_ofsName = m_io.ReadU4be();
_property = m_io.ReadBytes(LenProperty);
_padding = m_io.ReadBytes(KaitaiStream.Mod(-(M_Io.Pos), 4));
}
private bool f_name;
private string _name;
public string Name
{
get
{
if (f_name)
return _name;
KaitaiStream io = M_Root.StringsBlock.M_Io;
long _pos = io.Pos;
io.Seek(OfsName);
_name = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ASCII").GetString(io.ReadBytesTerm(0, false, true, true));
io.Seek(_pos);
f_name = true;
return _name;
}
}
private uint _lenProperty;
private uint _ofsName;
private byte[] _property;
private byte[] _padding;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb.FdtNode m_parent;
public uint LenProperty { get { return _lenProperty; } }
public uint OfsName { get { return _ofsName; } }
public byte[] Property { get { return _property; } }
public byte[] Padding { get { return _padding; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb.FdtNode M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class FdtNode : KaitaiStruct
{
public static FdtNode FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new FdtNode(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public FdtNode(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb.FdtBlock p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_type = ((Dtb.Fdt) m_io.ReadU4be());
switch (Type) {
case Dtb.Fdt.BeginNode: {
_body = new FdtBeginNode(m_io, this, m_root);
break;
}
case Dtb.Fdt.Prop: {
_body = new FdtProp(m_io, this, m_root);
break;
}
}
}
private Fdt _type;
private KaitaiStruct _body;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb.FdtBlock m_parent;
public Fdt Type { get { return _type; } }
public KaitaiStruct Body { get { return _body; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb.FdtBlock M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
public partial class FdtBeginNode : KaitaiStruct
{
public static FdtBeginNode FromFile(string fileName)
{
return new FdtBeginNode(new KaitaiStream(fileName));
}
public FdtBeginNode(KaitaiStream p__io, Dtb.FdtNode p__parent = null, Dtb p__root = null) : base(p__io)
{
m_parent = p__parent;
m_root = p__root;
_read();
}
private void _read()
{
_name = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ASCII").GetString(m_io.ReadBytesTerm(0, false, true, true));
_padding = m_io.ReadBytes(KaitaiStream.Mod(-(M_Io.Pos), 4));
}
private string _name;
private byte[] _padding;
private Dtb m_root;
private Dtb.FdtNode m_parent;
public string Name { get { return _name; } }
public byte[] Padding { get { return _padding; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public Dtb.FdtNode M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
}
private bool f_memoryReservationBlock;
private MemoryBlock _memoryReservationBlock;
public MemoryBlock MemoryReservationBlock
{
get
{
if (f_memoryReservationBlock)
return _memoryReservationBlock;
long _pos = m_io.Pos;
m_io.Seek(OfsMemoryReservationBlock);
__raw_memoryReservationBlock = m_io.ReadBytes((OfsStructureBlock - OfsMemoryReservationBlock));
var io___raw_memoryReservationBlock = new KaitaiStream(__raw_memoryReservationBlock);
_memoryReservationBlock = new MemoryBlock(io___raw_memoryReservationBlock, this, m_root);
m_io.Seek(_pos);
f_memoryReservationBlock = true;
return _memoryReservationBlock;
}
}
private bool f_structureBlock;
private FdtBlock _structureBlock;
public FdtBlock StructureBlock
{
get
{
if (f_structureBlock)
return _structureBlock;
long _pos = m_io.Pos;
m_io.Seek(OfsStructureBlock);
__raw_structureBlock = m_io.ReadBytes(LenStructureBlock);
var io___raw_structureBlock = new KaitaiStream(__raw_structureBlock);
_structureBlock = new FdtBlock(io___raw_structureBlock, this, m_root);
m_io.Seek(_pos);
f_structureBlock = true;
return _structureBlock;
}
}
private bool f_stringsBlock;
private Strings _stringsBlock;
public Strings StringsBlock
{
get
{
if (f_stringsBlock)
return _stringsBlock;
long _pos = m_io.Pos;
m_io.Seek(OfsStringsBlock);
__raw_stringsBlock = m_io.ReadBytes(LenStringsBlock);
var io___raw_stringsBlock = new KaitaiStream(__raw_stringsBlock);
_stringsBlock = new Strings(io___raw_stringsBlock, this, m_root);
m_io.Seek(_pos);
f_stringsBlock = true;
return _stringsBlock;
}
}
private byte[] _magic;
private uint _totalSize;
private uint _ofsStructureBlock;
private uint _ofsStringsBlock;
private uint _ofsMemoryReservationBlock;
private uint _version;
private uint _minCompatibleVersion;
private uint _bootCpuidPhys;
private uint _lenStringsBlock;
private uint _lenStructureBlock;
private Dtb m_root;
private KaitaiStruct m_parent;
private byte[] __raw_memoryReservationBlock;
private byte[] __raw_structureBlock;
private byte[] __raw_stringsBlock;
public byte[] Magic { get { return _magic; } }
public uint TotalSize { get { return _totalSize; } }
public uint OfsStructureBlock { get { return _ofsStructureBlock; } }
public uint OfsStringsBlock { get { return _ofsStringsBlock; } }
public uint OfsMemoryReservationBlock { get { return _ofsMemoryReservationBlock; } }
public uint Version { get { return _version; } }
public uint MinCompatibleVersion { get { return _minCompatibleVersion; } }
public uint BootCpuidPhys { get { return _bootCpuidPhys; } }
public uint LenStringsBlock { get { return _lenStringsBlock; } }
public uint LenStructureBlock { get { return _lenStructureBlock; } }
public Dtb M_Root { get { return m_root; } }
public KaitaiStruct M_Parent { get { return m_parent; } }
public byte[] M_RawMemoryReservationBlock { get { return __raw_memoryReservationBlock; } }
public byte[] M_RawStructureBlock { get { return __raw_structureBlock; } }
public byte[] M_RawStringsBlock { get { return __raw_stringsBlock; } }
}
}