Also referred to as Devicetree Blob (DTB). It is a flat binary encoding of data (primarily devicetree data, although other data is possible as well). The data is internally stored as a tree of named nodes and properties. Nodes contain properties and child nodes, while properties are name-value pairs.
The Devicetree Blobs (.dtb
files) are compiled from the Devicetree Source
files (.dts
) through the Devicetree compiler (DTC).
On Linux systems that support this, the blobs can be accessed in
/sys/firmware/fdt
:
The encoding of strings used in the strings_block
and structure_block
is
actually a subset of ASCII:
https://devicetree-specification.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3/devicetree-basics.html#node-names
Example files:
This page hosts a formal specification of Flattened Devicetree Format using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
All parsing code for Ruby generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the Ruby runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.
The Ruby runtime library can be installed from RubyGems:
gem install kaitai-struct
Parse a local file and get structure in memory:
data = Dtb.from_file("path/to/local/file.dtb")
Or parse structure from a string of bytes:
bytes = "\x00\x01\x02..."
data = Dtb.new(Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(bytes))
After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:
data.magic # => get magic
# This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
require 'kaitai/struct/struct'
unless Gem::Version.new(Kaitai::Struct::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new('0.9')
raise "Incompatible Kaitai Struct Ruby API: 0.9 or later is required, but you have #{Kaitai::Struct::VERSION}"
end
##
# Also referred to as Devicetree Blob (DTB). It is a flat binary encoding
# of data (primarily devicetree data, although other data is possible as well).
# The data is internally stored as a tree of named nodes and properties. Nodes
# contain properties and child nodes, while properties are name-value pairs.
#
# The Devicetree Blobs (`.dtb` files) are compiled from the Devicetree Source
# files (`.dts`) through the Devicetree compiler (DTC).
#
# On Linux systems that support this, the blobs can be accessed in
# `/sys/firmware/fdt`:
#
# * <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-firmware-ofw>
#
# The encoding of strings used in the `strings_block` and `structure_block` is
# actually a subset of ASCII:
#
# <https://devicetree-specification.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3/devicetree-basics.html#node-names>
#
# Example files:
#
# * <https://github.com/qemu/qemu/tree/master/pc-bios>
# @see https://devicetree-specification.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3/flattened-format.html Source
# @see https://elinux.org/images/f/f4/Elc2013_Fernandes.pdf Source
class Dtb < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
FDT = {
1 => :fdt_begin_node,
2 => :fdt_end_node,
3 => :fdt_prop,
4 => :fdt_nop,
9 => :fdt_end,
}
I__FDT = FDT.invert
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@magic = @_io.read_bytes(4)
raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationNotEqualError.new([208, 13, 254, 237].pack('C*'), magic, _io, "/seq/0") if not magic == [208, 13, 254, 237].pack('C*')
@total_size = @_io.read_u4be
@ofs_structure_block = @_io.read_u4be
@ofs_strings_block = @_io.read_u4be
@ofs_memory_reservation_block = @_io.read_u4be
@version = @_io.read_u4be
@min_compatible_version = @_io.read_u4be
raise Kaitai::Struct::ValidationGreaterThanError.new(version, min_compatible_version, _io, "/seq/6") if not min_compatible_version <= version
@boot_cpuid_phys = @_io.read_u4be
@len_strings_block = @_io.read_u4be
@len_structure_block = @_io.read_u4be
self
end
class MemoryBlock < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@entries = []
i = 0
while not @_io.eof?
@entries << MemoryBlockEntry.new(@_io, self, @_root)
i += 1
end
self
end
attr_reader :entries
end
class FdtBlock < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@nodes = []
i = 0
begin
_ = FdtNode.new(@_io, self, @_root)
@nodes << _
i += 1
end until _.type == :fdt_end
self
end
attr_reader :nodes
end
class MemoryBlockEntry < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@address = @_io.read_u8be
@size = @_io.read_u8be
self
end
##
# physical address of a reserved memory region
attr_reader :address
##
# size of a reserved memory region
attr_reader :size
end
class Strings < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@strings = []
i = 0
while not @_io.eof?
@strings << (@_io.read_bytes_term(0, false, true, true)).force_encoding("ASCII")
i += 1
end
self
end
attr_reader :strings
end
class FdtProp < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@len_property = @_io.read_u4be
@ofs_name = @_io.read_u4be
@property = @_io.read_bytes(len_property)
@padding = @_io.read_bytes((-(_io.pos) % 4))
self
end
def name
return @name unless @name.nil?
io = _root.strings_block._io
_pos = io.pos
io.seek(ofs_name)
@name = (io.read_bytes_term(0, false, true, true)).force_encoding("ASCII")
io.seek(_pos)
@name
end
attr_reader :len_property
attr_reader :ofs_name
attr_reader :property
attr_reader :padding
end
class FdtNode < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@type = Kaitai::Struct::Stream::resolve_enum(Dtb::FDT, @_io.read_u4be)
case type
when :fdt_begin_node
@body = FdtBeginNode.new(@_io, self, @_root)
when :fdt_prop
@body = FdtProp.new(@_io, self, @_root)
end
self
end
attr_reader :type
attr_reader :body
end
class FdtBeginNode < Kaitai::Struct::Struct
def initialize(_io, _parent = nil, _root = self)
super(_io, _parent, _root)
_read
end
def _read
@name = (@_io.read_bytes_term(0, false, true, true)).force_encoding("ASCII")
@padding = @_io.read_bytes((-(_io.pos) % 4))
self
end
attr_reader :name
attr_reader :padding
end
def memory_reservation_block
return @memory_reservation_block unless @memory_reservation_block.nil?
_pos = @_io.pos
@_io.seek(ofs_memory_reservation_block)
@_raw_memory_reservation_block = @_io.read_bytes((ofs_structure_block - ofs_memory_reservation_block))
_io__raw_memory_reservation_block = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_memory_reservation_block)
@memory_reservation_block = MemoryBlock.new(_io__raw_memory_reservation_block, self, @_root)
@_io.seek(_pos)
@memory_reservation_block
end
def structure_block
return @structure_block unless @structure_block.nil?
_pos = @_io.pos
@_io.seek(ofs_structure_block)
@_raw_structure_block = @_io.read_bytes(len_structure_block)
_io__raw_structure_block = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_structure_block)
@structure_block = FdtBlock.new(_io__raw_structure_block, self, @_root)
@_io.seek(_pos)
@structure_block
end
def strings_block
return @strings_block unless @strings_block.nil?
_pos = @_io.pos
@_io.seek(ofs_strings_block)
@_raw_strings_block = @_io.read_bytes(len_strings_block)
_io__raw_strings_block = Kaitai::Struct::Stream.new(@_raw_strings_block)
@strings_block = Strings.new(_io__raw_strings_block, self, @_root)
@_io.seek(_pos)
@strings_block
end
attr_reader :magic
attr_reader :total_size
attr_reader :ofs_structure_block
attr_reader :ofs_strings_block
attr_reader :ofs_memory_reservation_block
attr_reader :version
attr_reader :min_compatible_version
attr_reader :boot_cpuid_phys
attr_reader :len_strings_block
attr_reader :len_structure_block
attr_reader :_raw_memory_reservation_block
attr_reader :_raw_structure_block
attr_reader :_raw_strings_block
end