Block diagram
Sample files (numbers in parentheses show how many files per extension contain Exif metadata out of the total):
This page hosts a formal specification of Exchangeable image file format (Exif) using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
meta:
id: exif
title: Exchangeable image file format (Exif)
xref:
forensicswiki: exif
justsolve: Exif
loc:
- fdd000618 # Exif family
- fdd000146 # Exif 2.2
pronom:
- x-fmt/398 # Exif 2.0
- x-fmt/390 # Exif 2.1
- x-fmt/391 # Exif 2.2
- fmt/645 # Exif 2.21
wikidata:
- Q26383099 # Exif image file
- Q196465 # Exchangeable image file format
license: CC0-1.0
ks-version: '0.9'
doc: |
Sample files (numbers in parentheses show how many files per extension contain
Exif metadata out of the total):
* <https://github.com/ianare/exif-py/tree/a69bf74770caf6b333221658f5092ed69f99faac/tests/resources/jpg> (84/93 .jpg, 1/1 .jpeg)
* <https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool/tree/2200871d9cef988051d2a99d67df3bda6cbb30a8/t/images> (34/41 .jpg, 0/1 .png)
* <https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/tree/648ada43dcb35ce6077f38183ace52d5e2071f64/test/data> (85/155 .jpg, 5/23 .png)
* <https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/tree/807d689a83738027b6f6e0f219a6a6dd30e01c08/Tests/images> (36/55 .jpg, 3/420 .png)
* <https://github.com/drewnoakes/metadata-extractor-images/tree/651ad0e67aa8d43d358ad05f9bc07b52d8b9ac6e/jpg> (335/430 .jpg)
* <https://github.com/libexif/libexif-testsuite/tree/8c1f5bbc18d2cbc80b01b3f9b3eb29546310acf2> (15/18 .jpg)
doc-ref:
- https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/download_e.html?CIPA_DC-008-2026-E Exif Version 3.1
- https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/download_e.html?CIPA_DC-008-2024-E Exif Version 3.0
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190624045241id_/https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/e/DC-008-Translation-2019-E.pdf Exif Version 2.32
- https://web.archive.org/web/20190712232333id_/https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/e/DC-008-Translation-2016-E.pdf Exif Version 2.31
- https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/e/DC-008-2012_E_C.pdf Exif Version 2.3 (with Corrigendum at the end)
- https://web.archive.org/web/20051228234707id_/https://tsc.jeita.or.jp/avs/data/cp3451_1.pdf Exif Version 2.21 (2003 draft)
- https://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152id_/https://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF Exif Version 2.2
- https://web.archive.org/web/20131111073619id_/https://exif.org/Exif2-1.PDF Exif Version 2.1
seq:
- id: endianness
type: u2le
- id: body
type: exif_body
types:
exif_body:
meta:
endian:
switch-on: _root.endianness
cases:
0x4949: le
0x4d4d: be
seq:
- id: magic
type: u2
valid: 42
- id: ofs_ifd0
type: u4
instances:
ifd0:
pos: ofs_ifd0
type: ifd(false)
types:
ifd:
params:
- id: is_gps_ifd
type: bool
seq:
- id: num_fields
type: u2
- id: fields
size: 12
type: ifd_field
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: num_fields
- id: ofs_next_ifd
type: u4
instances:
next_ifd:
pos: ofs_next_ifd
type: ifd(is_gps_ifd)
if: ofs_next_ifd != 0
ifd_field:
-webide-representation: '{tag} {gps_tag}'
seq:
- id: tag_raw
type: u2
doc: |
Raw numeric tag. Don't read this field - access `tag` or `gps_tag`
instead.
- id: field_type
type: u2
enum: field_type
- id: num_values
type: u4
- id: ofs_data
type: u4
if: not has_immediate_data
instances:
tag:
value: tag_raw
enum: tag
if: not _parent.is_gps_ifd
gps_tag:
value: tag_raw
enum: gps_tag
if: _parent.is_gps_ifd
bytes_per_value:
value: |
field_type == field_type::byte or
field_type == field_type::ascii or
field_type == field_type::sbyte or
field_type == field_type::undefined or
field_type == field_type::utf8
? 1 :
field_type == field_type::short or
field_type == field_type::sshort
? 2 :
field_type == field_type::long or
field_type == field_type::slong or
field_type == field_type::float or
field_type == field_type::ifd
? 4 :
field_type == field_type::rational or
field_type == field_type::srational or
field_type == field_type::double
? 8
: 0
doc: |
Size in bytes of a single value of type `field_type`, or 0 if
`field_type` is not one of the known types (in which case the size
cannot be determined and `data` will be empty).
doc-ref: https://www.media.mit.edu/pia/Research/deepview/exif.html#DataForm
len_data:
value: bytes_per_value * num_values
has_immediate_data:
value: 'len_data <= 4'
data:
io: 'has_immediate_data ? _io : _root._io'
pos: 'has_immediate_data ? 8 : ofs_data'
size: len_data
type:
switch-on: field_type
cases:
field_type::ascii: ascii_string
field_type::utf8: utf8_string
field_type::sbyte: sbytes
field_type::short: shorts
field_type::sshort: sshorts
field_type::long: longs
field_type::slong: slongs
field_type::rational: rationals
field_type::srational: srationals
field_type::float: floats
field_type::double: doubles
field_type::ifd: longs
-webide-parse-mode: eager
sub_ifd:
io: _root._io
pos: |
field_type == field_type::slong
? data.as<slongs>.values.first.as<u4>
: data.as<longs>.values.first
type: ifd(tag == tag::gps_info)
if: |
num_values == 1 and
(
field_type == field_type::long or
field_type == field_type::ifd or
(field_type == field_type::slong and data.as<slongs>.values.first >= 0)
) and
(
tag == tag::exif_offset or
tag == tag::interop_offset or
tag == tag::gps_info
)
doc: |
All the "IFD Pointer" tags (as the core Exif standard calls them),
i.e. `ExifOffset`, `InteropOffset` and `GPSInfo` (using the
[ExifTool's
names](https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/EXIF.html)),
should be of type `LONG` (`field_type::long`). However, the type
`SLONG` (`field_type::slong`) type has also been observed:
<https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/blob/2cd987a731236037b6b78cbff897d08685a8ef49/test/data/FurnaceCreekInn.jpg>
Both ExifTool and Exiv2 accept `LONG`, `SLONG` and also `IFD`.
Exiv2 specifically supports only these three types - see
<https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/blob/2cd987a731236037b6b78cbff897d08685a8ef49/src/tiffvisitor_int.cpp#L1141>
(Git tag "v0.28.8"). ExifTool is more lenient - it even accepts
any integer type. In practice, real files most likely only use one
of the three types supported by Exiv2, so we stick with that.
ascii_string:
-webide-representation: '{value}'
seq:
- id: value
terminator: 0
eos-error: false
doc: |
According to the core Exif standard, this should be ASCII, but in
practice, this is not always the case. From
[ExifTool FAQ](https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/faq.html#Q10):
> However, it is not uncommon for applications to write UTF-8 or
other encodings where ASCII is expected.
Therefore, this field is a byte array, not a string. This is to
avoid non-ASCII characters being treated as errors in some target
languages, such as Python. The only assumption is that a null byte
terminates the value (although sometimes the null byte is missing,
which we tolerate thanks to the `eos-error: false` setting).
Here is a sample JPEG file with a `tag::image_description` IFD
field of type `field_type::ascii` that actually contains UTF-8:
<https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2/blob/2cd987a731236037b6b78cbff897d08685a8ef49/test/data/exiv2-bug501.jpg>
It seems that most modern applications (e.g. GIMP 3.0.6) always
use UTF-8 when storing Exif metadata. However, there are also
files with a non-UTF-8 encoding, for example
<https://github.com/drewnoakes/metadata-extractor-images/blob/651ad0e67aa8d43d358ad05f9bc07b52d8b9ac6e/jpg/Ricoh%20DC-3Z%20(low%20res).jpg>
has a `tag::copyright` IFD field with a value encoded in
ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1).
utf8_string:
-webide-representation: '{value}'
seq:
- id: value
type: strz
encoding: UTF-8
eos-error: false
sbytes:
seq:
- id: values
type: s1
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
shorts:
seq:
- id: values
type: u2
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
sshorts:
seq:
- id: values
type: s2
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
longs:
seq:
- id: values
type: u4
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
slongs:
seq:
- id: values
type: s4
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
rationals:
seq:
- id: values
type: rational
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
rational:
-webide-representation: '{value:dec} (= {value_num:dec}/{value_den:dec})'
seq:
- id: value_num
type: u4
doc: Numerator
- id: value_den
type: u4
doc: Denominator
instances:
value:
value: (value_num + 0.0) / value_den
if: value_den != 0
doc: |
If denominator is zero, this instance is disabled to prevent
`ZeroDivisionError` in Python.
Here's a sample file with a zero denominator in the IFD fields
`tag::x_resolution` and `tag::y_resolution` (both of which are of
type `field_type::rational`):
<https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/blob/807d689a83738027b6f6e0f219a6a6dd30e01c08/Tests/images/exif-dpi-zerodivision.jpg>
srationals:
seq:
- id: values
type: srational
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
srational:
-webide-representation: '{value:dec} (= {value_num:dec}/{value_den:dec})'
seq:
- id: value_num
type: s4
doc: Numerator
- id: value_den
type: s4
doc: Denominator
instances:
value:
value: (value_num + 0.0) / value_den
if: value_den != 0
doc: |
If denominator is zero, this instance is disabled to prevent
`ZeroDivisionError` in Python.
Here's a sample file with a zero denominator in the IFD field
`tag::exposure_compensation` of type `field_type::srational`:
<https://github.com/drewnoakes/metadata-extractor-images/blob/651ad0e67aa8d43d358ad05f9bc07b52d8b9ac6e/jpg/Reconyx%20Hyperfire%20HP4K.jpg>
floats:
seq:
- id: values
type: f4
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
doubles:
seq:
- id: values
type: f8
repeat: expr
repeat-expr: _parent.num_values
enums:
# https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool/blob/2200871d9cef988051d2a99d67df3bda6cbb30a8/lib/Image/ExifTool/Exif.pm#L94-L122 (Git tag "13.59")
# https://www.media.mit.edu/pia/Research/deepview/exif.html#DataForm
field_type:
1: byte
2: ascii
3: short
4: long
5: rational
6:
id: sbyte
-orig-id: SBYTE
doc: |
8-bit signed integer.
This type is missing from the official Exif specification, but
it's part of TIFF 6.0. There's no known Exif tag of this type in
the [standard
namespace](https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/EXIF.html)
(there's no occurrence of `int8s` on the page), but it's used by
many vendor-specific tags in `MakerNote` sub-IFDs, for example
[Nikon](https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/Nikon.html)
(search for `int8s`).
Unfortunately, this implementation doesn't parse the contents of
`MakerNote` tags (`tag::maker_note`) yet.
7: undefined
8:
id: sshort
-orig-id: SSHORT
doc: |
16-bit signed integer.
This type is missing from the official Exif specification, but
it's part of TIFF 6.0 and some tags use it, for example
`TimeZoneOffset` (`tag::time_zone_offset`).
9: slong
10: srational
11:
id: float
-orig-id: FLOAT
doc: |
Single precision (4-byte) IEEE 754 float.
This type is missing from the official Exif specification, but
it's part of TIFF 6.0 and some tags use it, for example
`ProfileToneCurve` (`tag::profile_tone_curve`).
12:
id: double
-orig-id: DOUBLE
doc: |
Double precision (8-byte) IEEE 754 float.
This type is missing from the official Exif specification, but
it's part of TIFF 6.0 and some tags use it, for example
`NoiseProfile` (`tag::noise_profile`).
13:
id: ifd
-orig-id: IFD
doc: |
Offset of an IFD (32-bit unsigned integer).
This type is missing from the official Exif specification, but
it was defined in the [TIFF Technical Note
1](https://www.alternatiff.com/resources/TIFFPM6.pdf) (page 4).
There's no known Exif tag of this type in the [standard
namespace](https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/EXIF.html)
(there's no occurrence of `ifd` on the page), but there are some
Olympus-specific tags in `MakerNote` sub-IFDs, e.g.
`EquipmentIFD` or `CameraSettingsIFD`. See
<https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool/blob/2200871d9cef988051d2a99d67df3bda6cbb30a8/lib/Image/ExifTool/Olympus.pm>
(Git tag "13.59") - search for `'ifd'`. See also the sample file
<https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool/blob/2200871d9cef988051d2a99d67df3bda6cbb30a8/t/images/Olympus2.jpg>,
which contains these tags.
129: utf8
# https://exiftool.sourceforge.net/TagNames/GPS.html
gps_tag:
0x0000: gps_version_id
0x0001: gps_latitude_ref
0x0002: gps_latitude
0x0003: gps_longitude_ref
0x0004: gps_longitude
0x0005: gps_altitude_ref
0x0006: gps_altitude
0x0007: gps_time_stamp
0x0008: gps_satellites
0x0009: gps_status
0x000a: gps_measure_mode
0x000b: gps_dop
0x000c: gps_speed_ref
0x000d: gps_speed
0x000e: gps_track_ref
0x000f: gps_track
0x0010: gps_img_direction_ref
0x0011: gps_img_direction
0x0012: gps_map_datum
0x0013: gps_dest_latitude_ref
0x0014: gps_dest_latitude
0x0015: gps_dest_longitude_ref
0x0016: gps_dest_longitude
0x0017: gps_dest_bearing_ref
0x0018: gps_dest_bearing
0x0019: gps_dest_distance_ref
0x001a: gps_dest_distance
0x001b: gps_processing_method
0x001c: gps_area_information
0x001d: gps_date_stamp
0x001e: gps_differential
0x001f: gps_h_positioning_error
tag:
0x0001: interop_index
0x0002:
id: interop_version
doc: Interoperability Version (not in the Exif spec, but used in practice)
doc-ref: https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool/blob/2200871d9cef988051d2a99d67df3bda6cbb30a8/lib/Image/ExifTool/Exif.pm#L429-L437 Git tag "13.59"
0x0100: image_width
0x0101: image_height
0x0102: bits_per_sample
0x0103: compression
0x0106: photometric_interpretation
0x0107: thresholding
0x0108: cell_width
0x0109: cell_length
0x010a: fill_order
0x010d: document_name
0x010e: image_description
0x010f: make
0x0110: model
0x0111: strip_offsets
0x0112: orientation
0x0115: samples_per_pixel
0x0116: rows_per_strip
0x0117: strip_byte_counts
0x0118: min_sample_value
0x0119: max_sample_value
0x011a: x_resolution
0x011b: y_resolution
0x011c: planar_configuration
0x011d: page_name
0x011e: x_position
0x011f: y_position
0x0120: free_offsets
0x0121: free_byte_counts
0x0122: gray_response_unit
0x0123: gray_response_curve
0x0124: t4_options
0x0125: t6_options
0x0128: resolution_unit
0x0129: page_number
0x012c: color_response_unit
0x012d: transfer_function
0x0131: software
0x0132: modify_date
0x013b: artist
0x013c: host_computer
0x013d: predictor
0x013e: white_point
0x013f: primary_chromaticities
0x0140: color_map
0x0141: halftone_hints
0x0142: tile_width
0x0143: tile_length
0x0144: tile_offsets
0x0145: tile_byte_counts
0x0146: bad_fax_lines
0x0147: clean_fax_data
0x0148: consecutive_bad_fax_lines
0x014a: sub_ifd
0x014c: ink_set
0x014d: ink_names
0x014e: numberof_inks
0x0150: dot_range
0x0151: target_printer
0x0152: extra_samples
0x0153: sample_format
0x0154: s_min_sample_value
0x0155: s_max_sample_value
0x0156: transfer_range
0x0157: clip_path
0x0158: x_clip_path_units
0x0159: y_clip_path_units
0x015a: indexed
0x015b: jpeg_tables
0x015f: opi_proxy
0x0190: global_parameters_ifd
0x0191: profile_type
0x0192: fax_profile
0x0193: coding_methods
0x0194: version_year
0x0195: mode_number
0x01b1: decode
0x01b2: default_image_color
0x01b3: t82_options
0x01b5: jpeg_tables2
0x0200: jpeg_proc
0x0201: thumbnail_offset
0x0202: thumbnail_length
0x0203: jpeg_restart_interval
0x0205: jpeg_lossless_predictors
0x0206: jpeg_point_transforms
0x0207: jpegq_tables
0x0208: jpegdc_tables
0x0209: jpegac_tables
0x0211: y_cb_cr_coefficients
0x0212: y_cb_cr_sub_sampling
0x0213: y_cb_cr_positioning
0x0214: reference_black_white
0x022f: strip_row_counts
0x02bc: application_notes
0x03e7: uspto_miscellaneous
0x1000: related_image_file_format
0x1001: related_image_width
0x1002: related_image_height
0x4746: rating
0x4747: xp_dip_xml
0x4748: stitch_info
0x4749: rating_percent
0x7000: sony_raw_file_type
0x7032: light_falloff_params
0x7035: chromatic_aberration_corr_params
0x7037: distortion_corr_params
0x800d: image_id
0x80a3: wang_tag1
0x80a4: wang_annotation
0x80a5: wang_tag3
0x80a6: wang_tag4
0x80b9: image_reference_points
0x80ba: region_xform_tack_point
0x80bb: warp_quadrilateral
0x80bc: affine_transform_mat
0x80e3: matteing
0x80e4: data_type
0x80e5: image_depth
0x80e6: tile_depth
0x8214: image_full_width
0x8215: image_full_height
0x8216: texture_format
0x8217: wrap_modes
0x8218: fov_cot
0x8219: matrix_world_to_screen
0x821a: matrix_world_to_camera
0x827d: model2
0x828d: cfa_repeat_pattern_dim
0x828e: cfa_pattern2
0x828f: battery_level
0x8290: kodak_ifd
0x8298: copyright
0x829a: exposure_time
0x829d: f_number
0x82a5: md_file_tag
0x82a6: md_scale_pixel
0x82a7: md_color_table
0x82a8: md_lab_name
0x82a9: md_sample_info
0x82aa: md_prep_date
0x82ab: md_prep_time
0x82ac: md_file_units
0x830e: pixel_scale
0x8335: advent_scale
0x8336: advent_revision
0x835c: uic1_tag
0x835d: uic2_tag
0x835e: uic3_tag
0x835f: uic4_tag
0x83bb: iptc_naa
0x847e: intergraph_packet_data
0x847f: intergraph_flag_registers
0x8480: intergraph_matrix
0x8481: ingr_reserved
0x8482: model_tie_point
0x84e0: site
0x84e1: color_sequence
0x84e2: it8_header
0x84e3: raster_padding
0x84e4: bits_per_run_length
0x84e5: bits_per_extended_run_length
0x84e6: color_table
0x84e7: image_color_indicator
0x84e8: background_color_indicator
0x84e9: image_color_value
0x84ea: background_color_value
0x84eb: pixel_intensity_range
0x84ec: transparency_indicator
0x84ed: color_characterization
0x84ee: hc_usage
0x84ef: trap_indicator
0x84f0: cmyk_equivalent
0x8546: sem_info
0x8568: afcp_iptc
0x85b8: pixel_magic_jbig_options
0x85d7: jpl_carto_ifd
0x85d8: model_transform
0x8602: wb_grgb_levels
0x8606: leaf_data
0x8649: photoshop_settings
0x8769: exif_offset
0x8773: icc_profile
0x877f: tiff_fx_extensions
0x8780: multi_profiles
0x8781: shared_data
0x8782: t88_options
0x87ac: image_layer
0x87af: geo_tiff_directory
0x87b0: geo_tiff_double_params
0x87b1: geo_tiff_ascii_params
0x87be: jbig_options
0x8822: exposure_program
0x8824: spectral_sensitivity
0x8825: gps_info
0x8827: iso
0x8828: opto_electric_conv_factor
0x8829: interlace
0x882a: time_zone_offset
0x882b: self_timer_mode
0x8830: sensitivity_type
0x8831: standard_output_sensitivity
0x8832: recommended_exposure_index
0x8833: iso_speed
0x8834: iso_speed_latitudeyyy
0x8835: iso_speed_latitudezzz
0x885c: fax_recv_params
0x885d: fax_sub_address
0x885e: fax_recv_time
0x8871: fedex_edr
0x888a: leaf_sub_ifd
0x9000: exif_version
0x9003: date_time_original
0x9004: create_date
0x9009: google_plus_upload_code
0x9010: offset_time
0x9011: offset_time_original
0x9012: offset_time_digitized
0x9101: components_configuration
0x9102: compressed_bits_per_pixel
0x9201: shutter_speed_value
0x9202: aperture_value
0x9203: brightness_value
0x9204: exposure_compensation
0x9205: max_aperture_value
0x9206: subject_distance
0x9207: metering_mode
0x9208: light_source
0x9209: flash
0x920a: focal_length
0x920b: flash_energy
0x920c: spatial_frequency_response
0x920d: noise
0x920e: focal_plane_x_resolution
0x920f: focal_plane_y_resolution
0x9210: focal_plane_resolution_unit
0x9211: image_number
0x9212: security_classification
0x9213: image_history
0x9214: subject_area
0x9215: exposure_index
0x9216: tiff_ep_standard_id
0x9217: sensing_method
0x923a: cip3_data_file
0x923b: cip3_sheet
0x923c: cip3_side
0x923f: sto_nits
0x927c: maker_note
0x9286: user_comment
0x9290: sub_sec_time
0x9291: sub_sec_time_original
0x9292: sub_sec_time_digitized
0x932f: ms_document_text
0x9330: ms_property_set_storage
0x9331: ms_document_text_position
0x935c: image_source_data
0x9400: ambient_temperature
0x9401: humidity
0x9402: pressure
0x9403: water_depth
0x9404: acceleration
0x9405: camera_elevation_angle
0x9c9b: xp_title
0x9c9c: xp_comment
0x9c9d: xp_author
0x9c9e: xp_keywords
0x9c9f: xp_subject
0xa000: flashpix_version
0xa001: color_space
0xa002: exif_image_width
0xa003: exif_image_height
0xa004: related_sound_file
0xa005: interop_offset
0xa010: samsung_raw_pointers_offset
0xa011: samsung_raw_pointers_length
0xa101: samsung_raw_byte_order
0xa102: samsung_raw_unknown
0xa20b: flash_energy2
0xa20c: spatial_frequency_response2
0xa20d: noise2
0xa20e: focal_plane_x_resolution2
0xa20f: focal_plane_y_resolution2
0xa210: focal_plane_resolution_unit2
0xa211: image_number2
0xa212: security_classification2
0xa213: image_history2
0xa214: subject_location
0xa215: exposure_index2
0xa216: tiff_ep_standard_id2
0xa217: sensing_method2
0xa300: file_source
0xa301: scene_type
0xa302: cfa_pattern
0xa401: custom_rendered
0xa402: exposure_mode
0xa403: white_balance
0xa404: digital_zoom_ratio
0xa405: focal_length_in35mm_format
0xa406: scene_capture_type
0xa407: gain_control
0xa408: contrast
0xa409: saturation
0xa40a: sharpness
0xa40b: device_setting_description
0xa40c: subject_distance_range
0xa420: image_unique_id
0xa430: owner_name
0xa431: serial_number
0xa432: lens_info
0xa433: lens_make
0xa434: lens_model
0xa435: lens_serial_number
0xa480: gdal_metadata
0xa481: gdal_no_data
0xa500: gamma
0xafc0: expand_software
0xafc1: expand_lens
0xafc2: expand_film
0xafc3: expand_filter_lens
0xafc4: expand_scanner
0xafc5: expand_flash_lamp
0xbc01: pixel_format
0xbc02: transformation
0xbc03: uncompressed
0xbc04: image_type
0xbc80: image_width2
0xbc81: image_height2
0xbc82: width_resolution
0xbc83: height_resolution
0xbcc0: image_offset
0xbcc1: image_byte_count
0xbcc2: alpha_offset
0xbcc3: alpha_byte_count
0xbcc4: image_data_discard
0xbcc5: alpha_data_discard
0xc427: oce_scanjob_desc
0xc428: oce_application_selector
0xc429: oce_id_number
0xc42a: oce_image_logic
0xc44f: annotations
0xc4a5: print_im
0xc573: original_file_name
0xc580: uspto_original_content_type
0xc612: dng_version
0xc613: dng_backward_version
0xc614: unique_camera_model
0xc615: localized_camera_model
0xc616: cfa_plane_color
0xc617: cfa_layout
0xc618: linearization_table
0xc619: black_level_repeat_dim
0xc61a: black_level
0xc61b: black_level_delta_h
0xc61c: black_level_delta_v
0xc61d: white_level
0xc61e: default_scale
0xc61f: default_crop_origin
0xc620: default_crop_size
0xc621: color_matrix1
0xc622: color_matrix2
0xc623: camera_calibration1
0xc624: camera_calibration2
0xc625: reduction_matrix1
0xc626: reduction_matrix2
0xc627: analog_balance
0xc628: as_shot_neutral
0xc629: as_shot_white_xy
0xc62a: baseline_exposure
0xc62b: baseline_noise
0xc62c: baseline_sharpness
0xc62d: bayer_green_split
0xc62e: linear_response_limit
0xc62f: camera_serial_number
0xc630: dng_lens_info
0xc631: chroma_blur_radius
0xc632: anti_alias_strength
0xc633: shadow_scale
0xc634: sr2_private
0xc635: maker_note_safety
0xc640: raw_image_segmentation
0xc65a: calibration_illuminant1
0xc65b: calibration_illuminant2
0xc65c: best_quality_scale
0xc65d: raw_data_unique_id
0xc660: alias_layer_metadata
0xc68b: original_raw_file_name
0xc68c: original_raw_file_data
0xc68d: active_area
0xc68e: masked_areas
0xc68f: as_shot_icc_profile
0xc690: as_shot_pre_profile_matrix
0xc691: current_icc_profile
0xc692: current_pre_profile_matrix
0xc6bf: colorimetric_reference
0xc6c5: s_raw_type
0xc6d2: panasonic_title
0xc6d3: panasonic_title2
0xc6f3: camera_calibration_sig
0xc6f4: profile_calibration_sig
0xc6f5: profile_ifd
0xc6f6: as_shot_profile_name
0xc6f7: noise_reduction_applied
0xc6f8: profile_name
0xc6f9: profile_hue_sat_map_dims
0xc6fa: profile_hue_sat_map_data1
0xc6fb: profile_hue_sat_map_data2
0xc6fc: profile_tone_curve
0xc6fd: profile_embed_policy
0xc6fe: profile_copyright
0xc714: forward_matrix1
0xc715: forward_matrix2
0xc716: preview_application_name
0xc717: preview_application_version
0xc718: preview_settings_name
0xc719: preview_settings_digest
0xc71a: preview_color_space
0xc71b: preview_date_time
0xc71c: raw_image_digest
0xc71d: original_raw_file_digest
0xc71e: sub_tile_block_size
0xc71f: row_interleave_factor
0xc725: profile_look_table_dims
0xc726: profile_look_table_data
0xc740: opcode_list1
0xc741: opcode_list2
0xc74e: opcode_list3
0xc761: noise_profile
0xc763: time_codes
0xc764: frame_rate
0xc772: t_stop
0xc789: reel_name
0xc791: original_default_final_size
0xc792: original_best_quality_size
0xc793: original_default_crop_size
0xc7a1: camera_label
0xc7a3: profile_hue_sat_map_encoding
0xc7a4: profile_look_table_encoding
0xc7a5: baseline_exposure_offset
0xc7a6: default_black_render
0xc7a7: new_raw_image_digest
0xc7a8: raw_to_preview_gain
0xc7b5: default_user_crop
0xea1c: padding
0xea1d: offset_schema
0xfde8: owner_name2
0xfde9: serial_number2
0xfdea: lens
0xfe00: kdc_ifd
0xfe4c: raw_file
0xfe4d: converter
0xfe4e: white_balance2
0xfe51: exposure
0xfe52: shadows
0xfe53: brightness
0xfe54: contrast2
0xfe55: saturation2
0xfe56: sharpness2
0xfe57: smoothness
0xfe58: moire_filter