xwd (X Window Dump) bitmap image: C++98/STL parsing library

xwd is a file format written by eponymous X11 screen capture application (xwd stands for "X Window Dump"). Typically, an average user transforms xwd format into something more widespread by any of xwdtopnm and pnmto... utilities right away.

xwd format itself provides a raw uncompressed bitmap with some metainformation, like pixel format, width, height, bit depth, etc. Note that technically format includes machine-dependent fields and thus is probably a poor choice for true cross-platform usage.

Application

xwd

File extension

xwd

KS implementation details

License: CC0-1.0

References

This page hosts a formal specification of xwd (X Window Dump) bitmap image using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.

Usage

Runtime library

All parsing code for C++98/STL generated by Kaitai Struct depends on the C++/STL runtime library. You have to install it before you can parse data.

For C++, the easiest way is to clone the runtime library sources and build them along with your project.

Code

Using Kaitai Struct in C++/STL usually consists of 3 steps.

We need to create an STL input stream (std::istream). One can open local file for that, or use existing std::string or char* buffer.

#include <fstream>

std::ifstream is("path/to/local/file.xwd", std::ifstream::binary);

#include <sstream>

std::istringstream is(str);

#include <sstream>

const char buf[] = { ... };
std::string str(buf, sizeof buf);
std::istringstream is(str);

We need to wrap our input stream into Kaitai stream:

#include "kaitai/kaitaistream.h"

kaitai::kstream ks(&is);

And finally, we can invoke the parsing:
```
xwd_t data(&ks);
```

After that, one can get various attributes from the structure by invoking getter methods like:

data.len_header() // => Size of the header in bytes

C++98/STL source code to parse xwd (X Window Dump) bitmap image

xwd.h

Download

#ifndef XWD_H_
#define XWD_H_

// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild

#include "kaitai/kaitaistruct.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <vector>

#if KAITAI_STRUCT_VERSION < 9000L
#error "Incompatible Kaitai Struct C++/STL API: version 0.9 or later is required"
#endif

/**
 * xwd is a file format written by eponymous X11 screen capture
 * application (xwd stands for "X Window Dump"). Typically, an average
 * user transforms xwd format into something more widespread by any of
 * `xwdtopnm` and `pnmto...` utilities right away.
 * 
 * xwd format itself provides a raw uncompressed bitmap with some
 * metainformation, like pixel format, width, height, bit depth,
 * etc. Note that technically format includes machine-dependent fields
 * and thus is probably a poor choice for true cross-platform usage.
 */

class xwd_t : public kaitai::kstruct {

public:
    class header_t;
    class color_map_entry_t;

    enum pixmap_format_t {
        PIXMAP_FORMAT_X_Y_BITMAP = 0,
        PIXMAP_FORMAT_X_Y_PIXMAP = 1,
        PIXMAP_FORMAT_Z_PIXMAP = 2
    };

    enum byte_order_t {
        BYTE_ORDER_LE = 0,
        BYTE_ORDER_BE = 1
    };

    enum visual_class_t {
        VISUAL_CLASS_STATIC_GRAY = 0,
        VISUAL_CLASS_GRAY_SCALE = 1,
        VISUAL_CLASS_STATIC_COLOR = 2,
        VISUAL_CLASS_PSEUDO_COLOR = 3,
        VISUAL_CLASS_TRUE_COLOR = 4,
        VISUAL_CLASS_DIRECT_COLOR = 5
    };

    xwd_t(kaitai::kstream* p__io, kaitai::kstruct* p__parent = 0, xwd_t* p__root = 0);

private:
    void _read();
    void _clean_up();

public:
    ~xwd_t();

    class header_t : public kaitai::kstruct {

    public:

        header_t(kaitai::kstream* p__io, xwd_t* p__parent = 0, xwd_t* p__root = 0);

    private:
        void _read();
        void _clean_up();

    public:
        ~header_t();

    private:
        uint32_t m_file_version;
        pixmap_format_t m_pixmap_format;
        uint32_t m_pixmap_depth;
        uint32_t m_pixmap_width;
        uint32_t m_pixmap_height;
        uint32_t m_x_offset;
        byte_order_t m_byte_order;
        uint32_t m_bitmap_unit;
        uint32_t m_bitmap_bit_order;
        uint32_t m_bitmap_pad;
        uint32_t m_bits_per_pixel;
        uint32_t m_bytes_per_line;
        visual_class_t m_visual_class;
        uint32_t m_red_mask;
        uint32_t m_green_mask;
        uint32_t m_blue_mask;
        uint32_t m_bits_per_rgb;
        uint32_t m_number_of_colors;
        uint32_t m_color_map_entries;
        uint32_t m_window_width;
        uint32_t m_window_height;
        int32_t m_window_x;
        int32_t m_window_y;
        uint32_t m_window_border_width;
        std::string m_creator;
        xwd_t* m__root;
        xwd_t* m__parent;

    public:

        /**
         * X11WD file version (always 07h)
         */
        uint32_t file_version() const { return m_file_version; }

        /**
         * Format of the image data
         */
        pixmap_format_t pixmap_format() const { return m_pixmap_format; }

        /**
         * Pixmap depth in pixels - in practice, bits per pixel
         */
        uint32_t pixmap_depth() const { return m_pixmap_depth; }

        /**
         * Pixmap width in pixels
         */
        uint32_t pixmap_width() const { return m_pixmap_width; }

        /**
         * Pixmap height in pixels
         */
        uint32_t pixmap_height() const { return m_pixmap_height; }

        /**
         * Bitmap X offset (number of pixels to ignore at the beginning of each scan-line)
         */
        uint32_t x_offset() const { return m_x_offset; }

        /**
         * Byte order of image data
         */
        byte_order_t byte_order() const { return m_byte_order; }

        /**
         * Bitmap base data size
         */
        uint32_t bitmap_unit() const { return m_bitmap_unit; }

        /**
         * Bit-order of image data
         */
        uint32_t bitmap_bit_order() const { return m_bitmap_bit_order; }

        /**
         * Bitmap scan-line pad
         */
        uint32_t bitmap_pad() const { return m_bitmap_pad; }

        /**
         * Bits per pixel
         */
        uint32_t bits_per_pixel() const { return m_bits_per_pixel; }

        /**
         * Bytes per scan-line
         */
        uint32_t bytes_per_line() const { return m_bytes_per_line; }

        /**
         * Class of the image
         */
        visual_class_t visual_class() const { return m_visual_class; }

        /**
         * Red mask
         */
        uint32_t red_mask() const { return m_red_mask; }

        /**
         * Green mask
         */
        uint32_t green_mask() const { return m_green_mask; }

        /**
         * Blue mask
         */
        uint32_t blue_mask() const { return m_blue_mask; }

        /**
         * Size of each color mask in bits
         */
        uint32_t bits_per_rgb() const { return m_bits_per_rgb; }

        /**
         * Number of colors in image
         */
        uint32_t number_of_colors() const { return m_number_of_colors; }

        /**
         * Number of entries in color map
         */
        uint32_t color_map_entries() const { return m_color_map_entries; }

        /**
         * Window width
         */
        uint32_t window_width() const { return m_window_width; }

        /**
         * Window height
         */
        uint32_t window_height() const { return m_window_height; }

        /**
         * Window upper left X coordinate
         */
        int32_t window_x() const { return m_window_x; }

        /**
         * Window upper left Y coordinate
         */
        int32_t window_y() const { return m_window_y; }

        /**
         * Window border width
         */
        uint32_t window_border_width() const { return m_window_border_width; }

        /**
         * Program that created this xwd file
         */
        std::string creator() const { return m_creator; }
        xwd_t* _root() const { return m__root; }
        xwd_t* _parent() const { return m__parent; }
    };

    class color_map_entry_t : public kaitai::kstruct {

    public:

        color_map_entry_t(kaitai::kstream* p__io, xwd_t* p__parent = 0, xwd_t* p__root = 0);

    private:
        void _read();
        void _clean_up();

    public:
        ~color_map_entry_t();

    private:
        uint32_t m_entry_number;
        uint16_t m_red;
        uint16_t m_green;
        uint16_t m_blue;
        uint8_t m_flags;
        uint8_t m_padding;
        xwd_t* m__root;
        xwd_t* m__parent;

    public:

        /**
         * Number of the color map entry
         */
        uint32_t entry_number() const { return m_entry_number; }
        uint16_t red() const { return m_red; }
        uint16_t green() const { return m_green; }
        uint16_t blue() const { return m_blue; }
        uint8_t flags() const { return m_flags; }
        uint8_t padding() const { return m_padding; }
        xwd_t* _root() const { return m__root; }
        xwd_t* _parent() const { return m__parent; }
    };

private:
    uint32_t m_len_header;
    header_t* m_hdr;
    std::vector<color_map_entry_t*>* m_color_map;
    xwd_t* m__root;
    kaitai::kstruct* m__parent;
    std::string m__raw_hdr;
    kaitai::kstream* m__io__raw_hdr;
    std::vector<std::string>* m__raw_color_map;
    std::vector<kaitai::kstream*>* m__io__raw_color_map;

public:

    /**
     * Size of the header in bytes
     */
    uint32_t len_header() const { return m_len_header; }
    header_t* hdr() const { return m_hdr; }
    std::vector<color_map_entry_t*>* color_map() const { return m_color_map; }
    xwd_t* _root() const { return m__root; }
    kaitai::kstruct* _parent() const { return m__parent; }
    std::string _raw_hdr() const { return m__raw_hdr; }
    kaitai::kstream* _io__raw_hdr() const { return m__io__raw_hdr; }
    std::vector<std::string>* _raw_color_map() const { return m__raw_color_map; }
    std::vector<kaitai::kstream*>* _io__raw_color_map() const { return m__io__raw_color_map; }
};

#endif  // XWD_H_

xwd.cpp

Download

// This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild

#include "xwd.h"

xwd_t::xwd_t(kaitai::kstream* p__io, kaitai::kstruct* p__parent, xwd_t* p__root) : kaitai::kstruct(p__io) {
    m__parent = p__parent;
    m__root = this;
    m_hdr = 0;
    m__io__raw_hdr = 0;
    m_color_map = 0;
    m__raw_color_map = 0;
    m__io__raw_color_map = 0;

    try {
        _read();
    } catch(...) {
        _clean_up();
        throw;
    }
}

void xwd_t::_read() {
    m_len_header = m__io->read_u4be();
    m__raw_hdr = m__io->read_bytes((len_header() - 4));
    m__io__raw_hdr = new kaitai::kstream(m__raw_hdr);
    m_hdr = new header_t(m__io__raw_hdr, this, m__root);
    m__raw_color_map = new std::vector<std::string>();
    m__io__raw_color_map = new std::vector<kaitai::kstream*>();
    m_color_map = new std::vector<color_map_entry_t*>();
    const int l_color_map = hdr()->color_map_entries();
    for (int i = 0; i < l_color_map; i++) {
        m__raw_color_map->push_back(m__io->read_bytes(12));
        kaitai::kstream* io__raw_color_map = new kaitai::kstream(m__raw_color_map->at(m__raw_color_map->size() - 1));
        m__io__raw_color_map->push_back(io__raw_color_map);
        m_color_map->push_back(new color_map_entry_t(io__raw_color_map, this, m__root));
    }
}

xwd_t::~xwd_t() {
    _clean_up();
}

void xwd_t::_clean_up() {
    if (m__io__raw_hdr) {
        delete m__io__raw_hdr; m__io__raw_hdr = 0;
    }
    if (m_hdr) {
        delete m_hdr; m_hdr = 0;
    }
    if (m__raw_color_map) {
        delete m__raw_color_map; m__raw_color_map = 0;
    }
    if (m__io__raw_color_map) {
        for (std::vector<kaitai::kstream*>::iterator it = m__io__raw_color_map->begin(); it != m__io__raw_color_map->end(); ++it) {
            delete *it;
        }
        delete m__io__raw_color_map; m__io__raw_color_map = 0;
    }
    if (m_color_map) {
        for (std::vector<color_map_entry_t*>::iterator it = m_color_map->begin(); it != m_color_map->end(); ++it) {
            delete *it;
        }
        delete m_color_map; m_color_map = 0;
    }
}

xwd_t::header_t::header_t(kaitai::kstream* p__io, xwd_t* p__parent, xwd_t* p__root) : kaitai::kstruct(p__io) {
    m__parent = p__parent;
    m__root = p__root;

    try {
        _read();
    } catch(...) {
        _clean_up();
        throw;
    }
}

void xwd_t::header_t::_read() {
    m_file_version = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_pixmap_format = static_cast<xwd_t::pixmap_format_t>(m__io->read_u4be());
    m_pixmap_depth = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_pixmap_width = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_pixmap_height = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_x_offset = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_byte_order = static_cast<xwd_t::byte_order_t>(m__io->read_u4be());
    m_bitmap_unit = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_bitmap_bit_order = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_bitmap_pad = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_bits_per_pixel = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_bytes_per_line = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_visual_class = static_cast<xwd_t::visual_class_t>(m__io->read_u4be());
    m_red_mask = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_green_mask = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_blue_mask = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_bits_per_rgb = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_number_of_colors = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_color_map_entries = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_window_width = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_window_height = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_window_x = m__io->read_s4be();
    m_window_y = m__io->read_s4be();
    m_window_border_width = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_creator = kaitai::kstream::bytes_to_str(m__io->read_bytes_term(0, false, true, true), std::string("UTF-8"));
}

xwd_t::header_t::~header_t() {
    _clean_up();
}

void xwd_t::header_t::_clean_up() {
}

xwd_t::color_map_entry_t::color_map_entry_t(kaitai::kstream* p__io, xwd_t* p__parent, xwd_t* p__root) : kaitai::kstruct(p__io) {
    m__parent = p__parent;
    m__root = p__root;

    try {
        _read();
    } catch(...) {
        _clean_up();
        throw;
    }
}

void xwd_t::color_map_entry_t::_read() {
    m_entry_number = m__io->read_u4be();
    m_red = m__io->read_u2be();
    m_green = m__io->read_u2be();
    m_blue = m__io->read_u2be();
    m_flags = m__io->read_u1();
    m_padding = m__io->read_u1();
}

xwd_t::color_map_entry_t::~color_map_entry_t() {
    _clean_up();
}

void xwd_t::color_map_entry_t::_clean_up() {
}