xwd is a file format written by eponymous X11 screen capture
application (xwd stands for "X Window Dump"). Typically, an average
user transforms xwd format into something more widespread by any of
xwdtopnm and pnmto... utilities right away.
xwd format itself provides a raw uncompressed bitmap with some metainformation, like pixel format, width, height, bit depth, etc. Note that technically format includes machine-dependent fields and thus is probably a poor choice for true cross-platform usage.
This page hosts a formal specification of xwd (X Window Dump) bitmap image using Kaitai Struct. This specification can be automatically translated into a variety of programming languages to get a parsing library.
# This is a generated file! Please edit source .ksy file and use kaitai-struct-compiler to rebuild
# type: ignore
import kaitaistruct
from kaitaistruct import ReadWriteKaitaiStruct, KaitaiStream, BytesIO
from enum import IntEnum
if getattr(kaitaistruct, 'API_VERSION', (0, 9)) < (0, 11):
    raise Exception("Incompatible Kaitai Struct Python API: 0.11 or later is required, but you have %s" % (kaitaistruct.__version__))
class Xwd(ReadWriteKaitaiStruct):
    """xwd is a file format written by eponymous X11 screen capture
    application (xwd stands for "X Window Dump"). Typically, an average
    user transforms xwd format into something more widespread by any of
    `xwdtopnm` and `pnmto...` utilities right away.
    
    xwd format itself provides a raw uncompressed bitmap with some
    metainformation, like pixel format, width, height, bit depth,
    etc. Note that technically format includes machine-dependent fields
    and thus is probably a poor choice for true cross-platform usage.
    """
    class ByteOrder(IntEnum):
        le = 0
        be = 1
    class PixmapFormat(IntEnum):
        x_y_bitmap = 0
        x_y_pixmap = 1
        z_pixmap = 2
    class VisualClass(IntEnum):
        static_gray = 0
        gray_scale = 1
        static_color = 2
        pseudo_color = 3
        true_color = 4
        direct_color = 5
    def __init__(self, _io=None, _parent=None, _root=None):
        super(Xwd, self).__init__(_io)
        self._parent = _parent
        self._root = _root or self
    def _read(self):
        self.len_header = self._io.read_u4be()
        self._raw_hdr = self._io.read_bytes(self.len_header - 4)
        _io__raw_hdr = KaitaiStream(BytesIO(self._raw_hdr))
        self.hdr = Xwd.Header(_io__raw_hdr, self, self._root)
        self.hdr._read()
        self._raw_color_map = []
        self.color_map = []
        for i in range(self.hdr.color_map_entries):
            self._raw_color_map.append(self._io.read_bytes(12))
            _io__raw_color_map = KaitaiStream(BytesIO(self._raw_color_map[i]))
            _t_color_map = Xwd.ColorMapEntry(_io__raw_color_map, self, self._root)
            try:
                _t_color_map._read()
            finally:
                self.color_map.append(_t_color_map)
        self._dirty = False
    def _fetch_instances(self):
        pass
        self.hdr._fetch_instances()
        for i in range(len(self.color_map)):
            pass
            self.color_map[i]._fetch_instances()
    def _write__seq(self, io=None):
        super(Xwd, self)._write__seq(io)
        self._io.write_u4be(self.len_header)
        _io__raw_hdr = KaitaiStream(BytesIO(bytearray(self.len_header - 4)))
        self._io.add_child_stream(_io__raw_hdr)
        _pos2 = self._io.pos()
        self._io.seek(self._io.pos() + (self.len_header - 4))
        def handler(parent, _io__raw_hdr=_io__raw_hdr):
            self._raw_hdr = _io__raw_hdr.to_byte_array()
            if len(self._raw_hdr) != self.len_header - 4:
                raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"raw(hdr)", self.len_header - 4, len(self._raw_hdr))
            parent.write_bytes(self._raw_hdr)
        _io__raw_hdr.write_back_handler = KaitaiStream.WriteBackHandler(_pos2, handler)
        self.hdr._write__seq(_io__raw_hdr)
        self._raw_color_map = []
        for i in range(len(self.color_map)):
            pass
            _io__raw_color_map = KaitaiStream(BytesIO(bytearray(12)))
            self._io.add_child_stream(_io__raw_color_map)
            _pos2 = self._io.pos()
            self._io.seek(self._io.pos() + (12))
            def handler(parent, _io__raw_color_map=_io__raw_color_map, i=i):
                self._raw_color_map.append(_io__raw_color_map.to_byte_array())
                if len(self._raw_color_map[i]) != 12:
                    raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"raw(color_map)", 12, len(self._raw_color_map[i]))
                parent.write_bytes(self._raw_color_map[i])
            _io__raw_color_map.write_back_handler = KaitaiStream.WriteBackHandler(_pos2, handler)
            self.color_map[i]._write__seq(_io__raw_color_map)
    def _check(self):
        if self.hdr._root != self._root:
            raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"hdr", self._root, self.hdr._root)
        if self.hdr._parent != self:
            raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"hdr", self, self.hdr._parent)
        if len(self.color_map) != self.hdr.color_map_entries:
            raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"color_map", self.hdr.color_map_entries, len(self.color_map))
        for i in range(len(self.color_map)):
            pass
            if self.color_map[i]._root != self._root:
                raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"color_map", self._root, self.color_map[i]._root)
            if self.color_map[i]._parent != self:
                raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"color_map", self, self.color_map[i]._parent)
        self._dirty = False
    class ColorMapEntry(ReadWriteKaitaiStruct):
        def __init__(self, _io=None, _parent=None, _root=None):
            super(Xwd.ColorMapEntry, self).__init__(_io)
            self._parent = _parent
            self._root = _root
        def _read(self):
            self.entry_number = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.red = self._io.read_u2be()
            self.green = self._io.read_u2be()
            self.blue = self._io.read_u2be()
            self.flags = self._io.read_u1()
            self.padding = self._io.read_u1()
            self._dirty = False
        def _fetch_instances(self):
            pass
        def _write__seq(self, io=None):
            super(Xwd.ColorMapEntry, self)._write__seq(io)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.entry_number)
            self._io.write_u2be(self.red)
            self._io.write_u2be(self.green)
            self._io.write_u2be(self.blue)
            self._io.write_u1(self.flags)
            self._io.write_u1(self.padding)
        def _check(self):
            self._dirty = False
    class Header(ReadWriteKaitaiStruct):
        def __init__(self, _io=None, _parent=None, _root=None):
            super(Xwd.Header, self).__init__(_io)
            self._parent = _parent
            self._root = _root
        def _read(self):
            self.file_version = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.pixmap_format = KaitaiStream.resolve_enum(Xwd.PixmapFormat, self._io.read_u4be())
            self.pixmap_depth = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.pixmap_width = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.pixmap_height = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.x_offset = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.byte_order = KaitaiStream.resolve_enum(Xwd.ByteOrder, self._io.read_u4be())
            self.bitmap_unit = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.bitmap_bit_order = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.bitmap_pad = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.bits_per_pixel = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.bytes_per_line = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.visual_class = KaitaiStream.resolve_enum(Xwd.VisualClass, self._io.read_u4be())
            self.red_mask = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.green_mask = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.blue_mask = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.bits_per_rgb = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.number_of_colors = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.color_map_entries = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.window_width = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.window_height = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.window_x = self._io.read_s4be()
            self.window_y = self._io.read_s4be()
            self.window_border_width = self._io.read_u4be()
            self.creator = (self._io.read_bytes_term(0, False, True, True)).decode(u"UTF-8")
            self._dirty = False
        def _fetch_instances(self):
            pass
        def _write__seq(self, io=None):
            super(Xwd.Header, self)._write__seq(io)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.file_version)
            self._io.write_u4be(int(self.pixmap_format))
            self._io.write_u4be(self.pixmap_depth)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.pixmap_width)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.pixmap_height)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.x_offset)
            self._io.write_u4be(int(self.byte_order))
            self._io.write_u4be(self.bitmap_unit)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.bitmap_bit_order)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.bitmap_pad)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.bits_per_pixel)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.bytes_per_line)
            self._io.write_u4be(int(self.visual_class))
            self._io.write_u4be(self.red_mask)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.green_mask)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.blue_mask)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.bits_per_rgb)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.number_of_colors)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.color_map_entries)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.window_width)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.window_height)
            self._io.write_s4be(self.window_x)
            self._io.write_s4be(self.window_y)
            self._io.write_u4be(self.window_border_width)
            self._io.write_bytes((self.creator).encode(u"UTF-8"))
            self._io.write_u1(0)
        def _check(self):
            if KaitaiStream.byte_array_index_of((self.creator).encode(u"UTF-8"), 0) != -1:
                raise kaitaistruct.ConsistencyError(u"creator", -1, KaitaiStream.byte_array_index_of((self.creator).encode(u"UTF-8"), 0))
            self._dirty = False